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On palms, bugs, and Chagas disease in the Americas

Abad-Franch, Fernando ; Lima, Marli M. ; Sarquis, Otília ; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo ; Sánchez-Martín, María ; Calzada, José ; Saldaña, Azael ; Monteiro, Fernando A. ; Palomeque, Francisco S. ; Santos, Walter S. ; Angulo, Victor M. ; Esteban, Lyda ; Dias, Fernando B.S. ; Diotaiuti, Liléia ; Bar, María Esther ; Gottdenker, Nicole L.

Acta tropica, 2015-11, Vol.151, p.126-141 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Netherlands: Elsevier B.V

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  • Título:
    On palms, bugs, and Chagas disease in the Americas
  • Autor: Abad-Franch, Fernando ; Lima, Marli M. ; Sarquis, Otília ; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo ; Sánchez-Martín, María ; Calzada, José ; Saldaña, Azael ; Monteiro, Fernando A. ; Palomeque, Francisco S. ; Santos, Walter S. ; Angulo, Victor M. ; Esteban, Lyda ; Dias, Fernando B.S. ; Diotaiuti, Liléia ; Bar, María Esther ; Gottdenker, Nicole L.
  • Assuntos: Animals ; Arecaceae ; Arecaceae - parasitology ; Chagas disease ; Chagas Disease - parasitology ; Chagas Disease - transmission ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Humans ; Insect Vectors ; North America ; Palms ; Panstrongylus - parasitology ; Rhodnius ; Rhodnius - parasitology ; Site-occupancy ; South America ; Triatoma - parasitology ; Triatominae ; Trypanosoma cruzi - parasitology ; Vector ecology
  • É parte de: Acta tropica, 2015-11, Vol.151, p.126-141
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
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  • Descrição: Palms are widely distributed throughout the Americas, as this 1853 map by Alfred Russel Wallace shows. This distribution almost perfectly matches the distribution of endemic human Chagas disease. Palm-living triatomine bugs make up the bridge between palms and disease. The bugs share palm crown habitats with Trypanosoma cruzi hosts. Flying from palms, infected vectors invade houses and can transmit the parasite to humans. Understanding the ecological links between palms and the parasite's vectors and hosts will be crucial for the long-term prevention of human Chagas disease (AR Wallace plates reproduced with permission from John van Wyhe; www.wallace-online.org). •Trypanosoma cruzi vectors found in 44% of 7394 palms (USA to Argentina).•About 40 palm species infested by ∼40 triatomine species, mainly Rhodnius spp.•Large, complex-crowned and some medium-crowned palms frequently infested.•Palm infestation more common in rural settings, but occurs also in cities.•Long-term Chagas disease prevention requires deeper understanding of palm-triatomine associations. Palms are ubiquitous across Neotropical landscapes, from pristine forests or savannahs to large cities. Although palms provide useful ecosystem services, they also offer suitable habitat for triatomines and for Trypanosoma cruzi mammalian hosts. Wild triatomines often invade houses by flying from nearby palms, potentially leading to new cases of human Chagas disease. Understanding and predicting triatomine-palm associations and palm infestation probabilities is important for enhancing Chagas disease prevention in areas where palm-associated vectors transmit T. cruzi. We present a comprehensive overview of palm infestation by triatomines in the Americas, combining a thorough reanalysis of our published and unpublished records with an in-depth review of the literature. We use site-occupancy modeling (SOM) to examine infestation in 3590 palms sampled with non-destructive methods, and standard statistics to describe and compare infestation in 2940 palms sampled by felling-and-dissection. Thirty-eight palm species (18 genera) have been reported to be infested by ∼39 triatomine species (10 genera) from the USA to Argentina. Overall infestation varied from 49.1–55.3% (SOM) to 62.6–66.1% (dissection), with important heterogeneities among sub-regions and particularly among palm species. Large palms with complex crowns (e.g., Attalea butyracea, Acrocomia aculeata) and some medium-crowned palms (e.g., Copernicia, Butia) are often infested; in slender, small-crowned palms (e.g., Euterpe) triatomines associate with vertebrate nests. Palm infestation tends to be higher in rural settings, but urban palms can also be infested. Most Rhodnius species are probably true palm specialists, whereas Psammolestes, Eratyrus, Cavernicola, Panstrongylus, Triatoma, Alberprosenia, and some Bolboderini seem to use palms opportunistically. Palms provide extensive habitat for enzootic T. cruzi cycles and a critical link between wild cycles and transmission to humans. Unless effective means to reduce contact between people and palm-living triatomines are devised, palms will contribute to maintaining long-term and widespread, albeit possibly low-intensity, transmission of human Chagas disease.
  • Editor: Netherlands: Elsevier B.V
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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