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Early Evidence for the Extensive Heat Treatment of Silcrete in the Howiesons Poort at Klipdrift Shelter (Layer PBD, 65 ka), South Africa

Delagnes, Anne ; Schmidt, Patrick ; Douze, Katja ; Wurz, Sarah ; Bellot-Gurlet, Ludovic ; Conard, Nicholas J ; Nickel, Klaus G ; van Niekerk, Karen L ; Henshilwood, Christopher S Bicho, Nuno

PloS one, 2016-10, Vol.11 (10), p.e0163874-e0163874 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Public Library of Science

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Título:
Early Evidence for the Extensive Heat Treatment of Silcrete in the Howiesons Poort at Klipdrift Shelter (Layer PBD, 65 ka), South Africa
Autor: Delagnes, Anne ; Schmidt, Patrick ; Douze, Katja ; Wurz, Sarah ; Bellot-Gurlet, Ludovic ; Conard, Nicholas J ; Nickel, Klaus G ; van Niekerk, Karen L ; Henshilwood, Christopher S
Bicho, Nuno
Assuntos: Adaptation ; Adaptations ; Analysis ; Analytical chemistry ; Archaeology ; Archaeology and Prehistory ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Chemical Sciences ; Cultural studies ; Earth Sciences ; Engineering and Technology ; Environmental studies ; Exploitation ; Flaking ; Geography ; Geology ; Heat treatment ; Hot Temperature ; Human acts ; Human behavior ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Humans ; Lithic ; Material chemistry ; Physical Sciences ; Raw materials ; Religion ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Shelters ; Silicon Dioxide - chemistry ; Social Sciences ; Soil - chemistry ; South Africa ; Stone Age ; Technology ; Tool Use Behavior ; Traditions
É parte de: PloS one, 2016-10, Vol.11 (10), p.e0163874-e0163874
Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
Conceptualization: AD PS KD SW. Data curation: AD PS. Formal analysis: AD PS KD SW. Funding acquisition: PS NJC CSH. Investigation: AD PS KD SW KLVN CSH. Methodology: AD PS. Project administration: CSH. Resources: NJC CSH. Supervision: CSH. Visualization: AD PS KD. Writing – original draft: AD PS. Writing – review & editing: AD PS KD SW LBG NJC KGN KLVN CSH.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Descrição: Heating stone to enhance its flaking qualities is among the multiple innovative adaptations introduced by early modern human groups in southern Africa, in particular during the Middle Stone Age Still Bay and Howiesons Poort traditions. Comparatively little is known about the role and impact of this technology on early modern human behaviors and cultural expressions, due, in part, to the lack of comprehensive studies of archaeological assemblages documenting the heat treatment of stone. We address this issue through an analysis of the procedure used for heating and a technological analysis of a lithic assemblage recovered from one Howiesons Poort assemblage at Klipdrift Shelter (southern Cape, South Africa). The resulting data show extensive silcrete heat treatment, which adds a new dimension to our understanding of fire-related behaviors during the Howiesons Poort, highlighting the important role played by a heat treatment stage in the production of silcrete blades. These results are made possible by our new analytical procedure that relies on the analysis of all silcrete artifacts. It provides direct evidence of a controlled use of fire which took place during an early stage of core exploitation, thereby impacting on all subsequent stages of the lithic chaîne opératoire, which, to date, has no known equivalent in the Middle Stone Age or Middle Paleolithic record outside of southern Africa.
Editor: United States: Public Library of Science
Idioma: Inglês

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Early Evidence for the Extensive Heat Treatment of Silcrete in the Howiesons Poort at Klipdrift Shelter (Layer PBD, 65 ka), South Africa

Delagnes, Anne ; Schmidt, Patrick ; Douze, Katja ; Wurz, Sarah ; Bellot-Gurlet, Ludovic ; Conard, Nicholas J ; Nickel, Klaus G ; van Niekerk, Karen L ; Henshilwood, Christopher S Bicho, Nuno

United States: Public Library of Science

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