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Preservation of the Atlantic forest and the non-constitutional character of the decree nº 99.547/90

Patrícia Silveira da Rosa

Revista de administração pública (Rio de Janeiro), 1991-10, Vol.25 (4), p.33 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Getulio Vargas, Revista de Administração Pública

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Título:
Preservation of the Atlantic forest and the non-constitutional character of the decree nº 99.547/90
Autor: Patrícia Silveira da Rosa
É parte de: Revista de administração pública (Rio de Janeiro), 1991-10, Vol.25 (4), p.33
Descrição: Due to its significant biological diversity, together with the enormous degree of devastation it has suffered in the course of time, bringing about the actual permanence of only some 8 % of its original area of coverage, the Atlantic Forest is now considered part of the national patrimony, pursuant to the wording of the Brazilian Constitution (Constituição Federal - CF). When the Decree nº 99.547/90 prohibited for an indeterminate expanse of time the cutting and exploitation of trees in the Atlantic Forest throughout the Brazilian territory, at first sight one could consider it a measure to be applauded, in view of its apparently conservationist character. However, this administrative disposition is indeed an affront to fundamental rights protected by Constitution, the first one being the right of freedom to act, guaranteed by the principle of legality. When determining that the utilization of the Atlantic Forest shall be effected pursuant to the law, the article 225, 4th paragraph of the CF leaves no doubt as to the necessity of legal and specific dispositions prior to said utilization itself. The regulatory power ascribed to the Executive through the issuing of decrees should necessarily conform to a preexistent legislation. Such disrespect of the principle of legality hurts essentially the state of law that, after so many years of struggle, we could finally regain. On the other hand, when creating administrative restraints that deprive proprietorship of a minimum of its economic content, the decree also opposes the right to property, assured by the instrument of legal dispossession demanded by public or social interest, and effected through a just and previous compensation (CF, art. 53, XXll). During the eleven months of its validity, the aforementioned decree has contributed to the emergence of unjust social situations, such as the one concerning rural workers in southern Rio de Janeiro and also the "pomeranos" (members of a religious community living in the hinterland of the state of Espírito Santo). The most serious aspect in this social sacrifice is that it may be made in vain. An order recently emanated from Ibama's presidency has authorized the cutting of Brazilian pines - araucárias - in the state of Paraná, showing that due to the impossibility of its complete observance the decree has been disregarded by the Federal Government itself.
Editor: Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Getulio Vargas, Revista de Administração Pública
Idioma: Inglês;Português

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Preservation of the Atlantic forest and the non-constitutional character of the decree nº 99.547/90

Patrícia Silveira da Rosa

Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Getulio Vargas, Revista de Administração Pública

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