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Tsetse Population Dynamics and Distribution: A New Analytical Approach

Rogers, David

The Journal of animal ecology, 1979-10, Vol.48 (3), p.825-849 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications

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  • Título:
    Tsetse Population Dynamics and Distribution: A New Analytical Approach
  • Autor: Rogers, David
  • Assuntos: Density ; Density estimation ; Entomology ; Mortality ; Population density ; Population dynamics ; Population ecology ; Population growth rate ; Population size ; Tsetse flies
  • É parte de: The Journal of animal ecology, 1979-10, Vol.48 (3), p.825-849
  • Descrição: (1) A method based on Moran curves is presented for determining monthly changes in density independent mortality acting on tsetse fly populations under natural conditions. (2) The method of analysis is tested on the output of a simple population model for tsetse and predicts qualitative changes in mortality under all conditions and quantitative changes when the mortality acts equally on all life stages. (3) Fly round records for female G. morsitans submorsitans from the Yankari Game Reserve, N. Nigeria, for the period 1964-73, are analysed using the new method. Mean monthly density independent mortalities are calculated and are shown to be most closely related to mean monthly saturation deficit. (4) Values of density independent mortality are superimposed on an annual climogram for Bauchi, near the study site, and mortality contours are drawn enclosing regions of equal mortality. This procedure identifies an environmental optimum for the subspecies, between 24 and 26 degrees C and 5-13 mm Hg saturation deficit. (5) Less complete data from Zambia are also analysed and identify a similar optimum for G. m. morsitans, at between 22 and 23 degrees C and 7-11 mm Hg saturation deficit. These two optima are compared with previous estimates derived by quite different methods. (6) Vertical sections taken through the mortality contours give rise to mortality profiles which, in conjunction with the population model, can be used to define the bioclimatic limits of the species. (7) Weather records for ninety-one sites throughout tropical Africa, in both tsetse and non-tsetse areas, are summarized: 94% of the sites within the present or recent known distribution of G. morsitans fall within the predicted bioclimatic limits, whilst only 50% of non-tsetse areas (an average of less than 200 km away from the tsetse area nearest to each of them) do so. (8) The construction of bioclimatic limits also identifies an optimum saturation deficit at each temperature. It is suggested that the possibility of tsetse control in, or eradication from, any area is related to the distance of the mean environmental conditions from the predicted optimum at the same mean temperature. (9) Finally the problems of applying the analytical method to other data are briefly discussed.
  • Editor: Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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