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Prolonged myelination in human neocortical evolution

Miller, Daniel J ; Duka, Tetyana ; Stimpson, Cheryl D ; Schapiro, Steven J ; Baze, Wallace B ; McArthur, Mark J ; Fobbs, Archibald J ; Sousa, André M. M ; Šestan, Nenad ; Wildman, Derek E ; Lipovich, Leonard ; Kuzawa, Christopher W ; Hof, Patrick R ; Sherwood, Chet C

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2012-10, Vol.109 (41), p.16480-16485 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: National Academy of Sciences

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Título:
Prolonged myelination in human neocortical evolution
Autor: Miller, Daniel J ; Duka, Tetyana ; Stimpson, Cheryl D ; Schapiro, Steven J ; Baze, Wallace B ; McArthur, Mark J ; Fobbs, Archibald J ; Sousa, André M. M ; Šestan, Nenad ; Wildman, Derek E ; Lipovich, Leonard ; Kuzawa, Christopher W ; Hof, Patrick R ; Sherwood, Chet C
Assuntos: action potentials ; Adolescence ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Axons ; Biological Evolution ; Biological Sciences ; Blotting, Western ; Brain ; Child ; childhood ; Chimpanzees ; cognition ; Cognition & reasoning ; cognitive development ; Comparative analysis ; cultural environment ; Evolution ; Human growth ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; interspecific variation ; Monkeys & apes ; Motor Cortex - growth & development ; Motor Cortex - metabolism ; Myelin ; Myelin Proteins - metabolism ; Myelin Sheath - metabolism ; Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein - metabolism ; Myelination ; neocortex ; Neocortex - growth & development ; Neocortex - metabolism ; nerve tissue ; neurodevelopment ; ontogeny ; Pan troglodytes ; Prefrontal Cortex - growth & development ; Prefrontal Cortex - metabolism ; Proteins ; Schizophrenia ; Sensory perception ; sexual maturity ; Somatosensory Cortex - growth & development ; Somatosensory Cortex - metabolism ; spatial variation ; temporal variation ; Time Factors ; Visual Cortex - growth & development ; Visual Cortex - metabolism ; Young Adult
É parte de: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2012-10, Vol.109 (41), p.16480-16485
Notas: http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1117943109
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Author contributions: D.J.M., T.D., S.J.S., W.B.B., M.J.M., A.J.F., D.E.W., L.L., C.W.K., P.R.H., and C.C.S. designed research; D.J.M., T.D., and C.D.S. performed research; S.J.S., W.B.B., M.J.M., A.J.F., A.M.M.S., N.S., D.E.W., L.L., and P.R.H. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; D.J.M., T.D., and C.C.S. analyzed data; and D.J.M., C.W.K., P.R.H., and C.C.S. wrote the paper.
Edited by Fred H. Gage, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA, and approved August 14, 2012 (received for review October 31, 2011)
Descrição: Nerve myelination facilitates saltatory action potential conduction and exhibits spatiotemporal variation during development associated with the acquisition of behavioral and cognitive maturity. Although human cognitive development is unique, it is not known whether the ontogenetic progression of myelination in the human neocortex is evolutionarily exceptional. In this study, we quantified myelinated axon fiber length density and the expression of myelin-related proteins throughout postnatal life in the somatosensory (areas 3b/3a/1/2), motor (area 4), frontopolar (prefrontal area 10), and visual (areas 17/18) neocortex of chimpanzees (N = 20) and humans (N = 33). Our examination revealed that neocortical myelination is developmentally protracted in humans compared with chimpanzees. In chimpanzees, the density of myelinated axons increased steadily until adult-like levels were achieved at approximately the time of sexual maturity. In contrast, humans displayed slower myelination during childhood, characterized by a delayed period of maturation that extended beyond late adolescence. This comparative research contributes evidence crucial to understanding the evolution of human cognition and behavior, which arises from the unfolding of nervous system development within the context of an enriched cultural environment. Perturbations of normal developmental processes and the decreased expression of myelin-related molecules have been related to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Thus, these species differences suggest that the human-specific shift in the timing of cortical maturation during adolescence may have implications for vulnerability to certain psychiatric disorders.
Editor: United States: National Academy of Sciences
Idioma: Inglês

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Prolonged myelination in human neocortical evolution

Miller, Daniel J ; Duka, Tetyana ; Stimpson, Cheryl D ; Schapiro, Steven J ; Baze, Wallace B ; McArthur, Mark J ; Fobbs, Archibald J ; Sousa, André M. M ; Šestan, Nenad ; Wildman, Derek E ; Lipovich, Leonard ; Kuzawa, Christopher W ; Hof, Patrick R ; Sherwood, Chet C

United States: National Academy of Sciences

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