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3-D growth patterns of trees: Effects of carbon economy, meristem activity, and selection

Sterck, Frank J. ; Schieving, Feike

Ecological monographs, 2007-08, Vol.77 (3), p.405-420 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Washington, DC: Ecological Society of America

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Título:
3-D growth patterns of trees: Effects of carbon economy, meristem activity, and selection
Autor: Sterck, Frank J. ; Schieving, Feike
Assuntos: allometry ; Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Branches ; Carbon ; carbon economy ; dry matter partitioning ; Ecosystem studies ; Forest canopy ; Forest trees ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General aspects ; growth models ; leaf display ; Leaves ; light ; Meristems ; metamer ; metamers ; natural selection ; ontogeny ; pipe model ; plant architecture ; Plant growth ; Plants ; reproductive allocation ; reproductive output ; scaling ; spatial data ; spatial self-organization ; Three dimensional imaging ; tree architecture ; tree crown ; Tree crowns ; Tree growth ; Trees
É parte de: Ecological monographs, 2007-08, Vol.77 (3), p.405-420
Notas: Corresponding Editor: F. C. Meinzer.
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Descrição: A functional—structural plant growth model was used to explore how selection might influence the ontogenetic patterns in three-dimensional (3-D) growth of trees. The 3-D plant structure is defined by the orientation of metamers. The dynamics in the 3-D plant structure depend on the production of metamers and/or leaf pipes and the loss of such plant components. In the simulations, metamer and leaf-pipe traits were kept constant, so all ontogenetic changes depended on the spatial arrangement of metamers and/or leaf pipes. This study explores the consequences of three new assumptions for ontogenetic changes in 3-D plant structure: (1) meristems are produced at the positions where branches fall, thus enabling a tree to maintain a viable meristem population within the crown; (2) metamers are placed at meristem positions in the 3-D structure where the carbon benefit over the expected life span of a leaf pipe is maximized; (3) the carbon allocation to reproduction maximizes the long-term reproductive output. In combination with the constraints set by the morphology of metamer and leaf pipe, the carbon economy, and light conditions, these assumptions explain how selection may cause a sigmoid expansion phase and a stable steady-state phase; adaptive responses in 3-D structure during ontogeny; limits to tree size (including height); constant allometric scaling during the expansion phase; different scaling for trees in different light environments; and responses in optimal reproductive allocation to forest light environments. These results support the idea that selection for maximizing the net carbon gain determines how trees change in 3-D tree structure during ontogeny and, at the same time, how they acclimate in 3-D structure in response to light gradients.
Editor: Washington, DC: Ecological Society of America
Idioma: Inglês

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3-D growth patterns of trees: Effects of carbon economy, meristem activity, and selection

Sterck, Frank J. ; Schieving, Feike

Washington, DC: Ecological Society of America

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