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fMRI activation during response inhibition and error processing: The role of the DAT1 gene in typically developing adolescents and those diagnosed with ADHD

Braet, Wouter ; Johnson, Katherine A. ; Tobin, Claire T. ; Acheson, Ruth ; McDonnell, Caroline ; Hawi, Ziarah ; Barry, Edwina ; Mulligan, Aisling ; Gill, Michael ; Bellgrove, Mark A. ; Robertson, Ian H. ; Garavan, Hugh

Neuropsychologia, 2011-06, Vol.49 (7), p.1641-1650 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd

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Título:
fMRI activation during response inhibition and error processing: The role of the DAT1 gene in typically developing adolescents and those diagnosed with ADHD
Autor: Braet, Wouter ; Johnson, Katherine A. ; Tobin, Claire T. ; Acheson, Ruth ; McDonnell, Caroline ; Hawi, Ziarah ; Barry, Edwina ; Mulligan, Aisling ; Gill, Michael ; Bellgrove, Mark A. ; Robertson, Ian H. ; Garavan, Hugh
Assuntos: ADHD ; Adolescent ; Adolescents ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Attention - physiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - psychology ; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain ; Brain - anatomy & histology ; Brain - physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cognition - physiology ; Cognitive Processes ; Comparative Analysis ; DAT1 ; DNA - genetics ; Dopamine ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - genetics ; Endophenotype ; Error processing ; Female ; fMRI ; Genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Inhibition ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Miscellaneous ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychomotor Performance - physiology ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Reaction Time - physiology ; Response inhibition ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
É parte de: Neuropsychologia, 2011-06, Vol.49 (7), p.1641-1650
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Descrição: ► The DAT1 10R allele was associated with more effortful response inhibition. ► However, this group showed a reduced response to errors, suggesting less learning. ► The ADHD group displayed underactivation in parietal, medial and frontal regions. ► The effects of DAT1 genotype were more pronounced in the ADHD group. The DAT1 gene codes for the dopamine transporter, which clears dopamine from the synaptic cleft, and a variant of this gene has previously been associated with compromised response inhibition in both healthy and clinical populations. This variant has also been associated with ADHD, a disorder that is characterised by disturbed dopamine function as well as problems with response inhibition. In the present study we used fMRI to investigate the role of dopaminergic genetic variation on executive functioning by comparing how activation associated with successful and unsuccessful inhibitions differs based on DAT1-genotype and ADHD-diagnosis in adolescents performing a go/nogo task. The results identify regional specificity concerning which functional differences can be attributed to the possession of the high risk DAT1 genotype, the clinical condition or an interaction between the two. During response inhibition, individuals with two copies of the 10-repeat allele showed increased activation in frontal, medial, and parietal regions, which may indicate that inhibition is more effortful for this group. Conversely, this group displayed a reduced error response in the parahippocampal gyrus, suggestive of reduced learning from errors. There were also a number of frontal, parietal, medial and occipital regions, where the relationship between genotype and fMRI-activation differed between the ADHD group and the typically developing adolescents. Finally, the ADHD group displayed decreased activation in parietal and (pre)frontal regions during response inhibition, and in frontal and medial brain regions on error trials.
Editor: Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd
Idioma: Inglês

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fMRI activation during response inhibition and error processing: The role of the DAT1 gene in typically developing adolescents and those diagnosed with ADHD

Braet, Wouter ; Johnson, Katherine A. ; Tobin, Claire T. ; Acheson, Ruth ; McDonnell, Caroline ; Hawi, Ziarah ; Barry, Edwina ; Mulligan, Aisling ; Gill, Michael ; Bellgrove, Mark A. ; Robertson, Ian H. ; Garavan, Hugh

Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd

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