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Reconciling fisheries catch and ocean productivity

Stock, Charles A. ; John, Jasmin G. ; Rykaczewski, Ryan R. ; Asch, Rebecca G. ; Cheung, William W. L. ; Dunne, John P. ; Friedland, Kevin D. ; Lam, Vicky W. Y. ; Sarmiento, Jorge L. ; Watson, Reg A.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2017-02, Vol.114 (8), p.E1441-E1449 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: National Academy of Sciences

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  • Título:
    Reconciling fisheries catch and ocean productivity
  • Autor: Stock, Charles A. ; John, Jasmin G. ; Rykaczewski, Ryan R. ; Asch, Rebecca G. ; Cheung, William W. L. ; Dunne, John P. ; Friedland, Kevin D. ; Lam, Vicky W. Y. ; Sarmiento, Jorge L. ; Watson, Reg A.
  • Assuntos: Biological Sciences ; Climate change ; Ecosystem studies ; Fisheries ; Fishing ; Food chains ; Marine ecology ; Photosynthesis ; Physical Sciences ; PNAS Plus
  • É parte de: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2017-02, Vol.114 (8), p.E1441-E1449
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
    Author contributions: C.A.S., R.R.R., W.W.L.C., K.D.F., and J.L.S. designed research; C.A.S., J.G.J., R.R.R., R.G.A., J.P.D., V.W.Y.L., and R.A.W. performed research; J.G.J., W.W.L.C., V.W.Y.L., and R.A.W. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; J.G.J. was the primary ESM2.6 developer; C.A.S., J.G.J., R.R.R., R.G.A., J.P.D., V.W.Y.L., and R.A.W. analyzed data; and C.A.S., J.G.J., R.R.R., R.G.A., W.W.L.C., J.P.D., K.D.F., V.W.Y.L., J.L.S., and R.A.W. wrote the paper.
    Edited by Alan Hastings, University of California, Davis, CA, and approved December 13, 2016 (received for review June 23, 2016)
    2Present address: Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858.
  • Descrição: Photosynthesis fuels marine food webs, yet differences in fish catch across globally distributed marine ecosystems far exceed differences in net primary production (NPP). We consider the hypothesis that ecosystem-level variations in pelagic and benthic energy flows from phytoplankton to fish, trophic transfer efficiencies, and fishing effort can quantitatively reconcile this contrast in an energetically consistent manner. To test this hypothesis, we enlist global fish catch data that include previously neglected contributions from small-scale fisheries, a synthesis of global fishing effort, and plankton food web energy flux estimates from a prototype high-resolution global earth system model (ESM). After removing a small number of lightly fished ecosystems, stark interregional differences in fish catch per unit area can be explained (r = 0.79) with an energy-based model that (i) considers dynamic interregional differences in benthic and pelagic energy pathways connecting phytoplankton and fish, (ii) depresses trophic transfer efficiencies in the tropics and, less critically, (iii) associates elevated trophic transfer efficiencies with benthic-predominant systems. Model catch estimates are generally within a factor of 2 of values spanning two orders of magnitude. Climate change projections show that the same macroecological patterns explaining dramatic regional catch differences in the contemporary ocean amplify catch trends, producing changes that may exceed 50% in some regions by the end of the 21st century under high-emissions scenarios. Models failing to resolve these trophodynamic patterns may significantly underestimate regional fisheries catch trends and hinder adaptation to climate change.
  • Editor: United States: National Academy of Sciences
  • Idioma: Inglês
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