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MAKING SOME PROGRESS ON THE PROGRESSIVE ASPECT ZÀI IN MANDARIN CHINESE

Waltraud, Paul ; Yan, Shanshan

Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 2024-01, Vol.52 (1), p.29-75 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Journal of Chinese Linguistics Publication Office

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  • Título:
    MAKING SOME PROGRESS ON THE PROGRESSIVE ASPECT ZÀI IN MANDARIN CHINESE
  • Autor: Waltraud, Paul ; Yan, Shanshan
  • Assuntos: Humanities and Social Sciences
  • É parte de: Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 2024-01, Vol.52 (1), p.29-75
  • Descrição: Taking into account data hitherto neglected, this article examines the progressive aspect zài 在in Mandarin Chinese and related issues. We argue in favour of the constituency [_(AspP) zài 在 [V-zhe 着]] and demonstrate important syntactic and semantic differences between the progressive aspect zài 在and the durative aspect -zhe 着. Importantly, unlike 'zài 在 V', 'V-zhe 着' is only acceptable as the sole predicate in a root sentence when interpretable as a (derived) state. Otherwise, the presence of the progressive aspect zài 在 is required: 'zài 在 V-zhe 着'. This crucial role of zài 在 is often obscured by its phonological fusion (haplology) with the preposition zài 在 'at' heading an immediately following prepositional phrase: NP [_(AspP) zài 在 [_(VP) [_(PP) zài 在 NP] [V-zhe 着 NP]]] =＞ NP ZÀI 在 NP V-zhe 着 NP. The presence/absence of an underlying progressive aspect zài 在 (having fused with the preposition zài 在) is reflected in the choice of negation. Since the progressive aspect zài 在must be negated by méi 没, not bù 不, it follows that no underlying aspectual zài 在is present when it is bù 不 that negates a VP with a zài 在PP adjunct: NP bù 不 [_(VP) [_(PP) zài 在NP] VP]. By contrast, when there is an underlying aspectual zài 在, the negation méi 没is required, resulting in the surface sequence 'NP méi 没 ZÀI 在NP VP'. Finally, given that a subset of auxiliaries, some stative verbs as well as state-denoting 'V-zhe 着' are negated by méi 没, negation of 'zài 在VP' by méi 没 is compatible with the status of 'zài 在 VP' as a state, hence able to be true at a moment.
  • Editor: Journal of Chinese Linguistics Publication Office
  • Idioma: Chinês;Inglês
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