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Green gentrification or ‘just green enough’: Do park location, size and function affect whether a place gentrifies or not?

Rigolon, Alessandro ; Németh, Jeremy

Urban studies (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2020-02, Vol.57 (2), p.402-420 [Periódico revisado por pares]

London, England: Sage Publications, Ltd

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  • Título:
    Green gentrification or ‘just green enough’: Do park location, size and function affect whether a place gentrifies or not?
  • Autor: Rigolon, Alessandro ; Németh, Jeremy
  • Assuntos: Affordable housing ; Censuses ; Cities ; Gentrification ; Housing ; Housing prices ; Low income groups ; Neighborhoods ; Parks ; Parks & recreation areas ; Research methodology ; Social exclusion ; Transportation ; Urban renewal
  • É parte de: Urban studies (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2020-02, Vol.57 (2), p.402-420
  • Descrição: Recent research shows that the establishment of new parks in historically disinvested neighbourhoods can result in housing price increases and the displacement of low-income people of colour. Some suggest that a ‘just green enough’ approach, in particular its call for the creation of small parks and nearby affordable housing, can reduce the chances of this phenomenon some call ‘green gentrification’. Yet, no study has tested these claims empirically across a sample of diverse cities. Focusing on 10 cities in the United States, we run multilevel logistic regressions to uncover whether the location (distance from downtown), size and function (active transportation) of new parks built in the 2000–2008 and 2008–2015 periods predict whether the census tracts around them gentrified. We find that park function and location are strong predictors of gentrification, whereas park size is not. In particular, new greenway parks with an active transportation component built in the 2008–2015 period triggered gentrification more than other park types, and new parks located closer to downtown tend to foster gentrification more than parks on a city’s outskirts. These findings call into question the ‘just green enough’ claim that small parks foster green gentrification less than larger parks do. 最近的研究表明，在历史上投资不足的街区建立新公园可能导致房价上涨和低收入有色人种被驱逐。一些人建议采取一种“刚好足够绿色”的方法，也就是呼吁建设小公园和附近的经济适用房，认为这可以减少这种现象的发生，有人称之为“绿色绅士化”。然而，就此等观点，没有一项研究对不同城市的样本进行了实证检验。我们以美国的10个城市为研究对象，进行多层次逻辑回归分析，以揭示是否能根据2000-2008年和2008-2015年期间新建公园的位置（离市中心的距离）、规模和功能（步行或骑行交通）预测其周围人口普查区是否绅士化。我们发现公园的功能和位置是绅士化的强有力的预测因素，而公园的规模则不是。特别是，2008-2015年期间建设的、具有步行或骑行交通组成部分的新绿道公园比其他类型的公园更能引发绅士化，而位于市区附近的新公园比城市郊区的公园更能促进绅士化。这些发现对小公园比大公园更能促进绿色绅士化的说法提出了质疑。
  • Editor: London, England: Sage Publications, Ltd
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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