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Contaminants in Fish: Risk-Benefit Considerations

Costa, Lucio G

Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 2007-09, Vol.58 (3), p.367-374 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Croatia: Versita

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  • Título:
    Contaminants in Fish: Risk-Benefit Considerations
  • Autor: Costa, Lucio G
  • Assuntos: Animals ; coronary heart disease ; developmental neurotoxicity ; dioksini ; dioxins ; Dioxins - adverse effects ; Dioxins - analysis ; Environmental Pollutants - adverse effects ; Environmental Pollutants - analysis ; fish ; Food Contamination ; Humans ; koronarna srčana bolest ; methylmercury ; Methylmercury Compounds - adverse effects ; Methylmercury Compounds - analysis ; metilživa ; poliklorbifenili ; polychlorinated biphenyls ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls - adverse effects ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls - analysis ; razvojna neurotoksičnost ; risk-benefit analysis ; Seafood - analysis ; Thunnus
  • É parte de: Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 2007-09, Vol.58 (3), p.367-374
  • Notas: ArticleID:v10004-007-0025-3
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  • Descrição: Fish provide a healthful source of dietary protein and are high in nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids. There is evidence of beneficial effects of fish consumption in coronary heart disease, stroke, age-related macular degeneration, and growth and development. Yet, benefits may be offset by the presence of contaminants, such as methylmercury (MeHg), dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and several other halogenated persistent organic pollutants. MeHg is a known developmental neurotoxicant, as evidenced by several animal studies and episodes of human intoxication in Japan and Iraq. Fish represent the main source of exposure to MeHg for the general population, and large predatory fish (swordfish, tuna) have the highest levels of MeHg contamination. Provisional tolerable weekly intakes of 0.7 μg kg-1 to 1.6 μg kg-1 have been set by regulatory agencies. Concern for contamination of fish with dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs stems from their reported carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicities. Farmed and wild-caught fish appear to have similar levels of contaminants. Advisories are in place that recommend limited consumption of certain fish in children, pregnant women and women of childbearing age. Careful risk-benefit considerations should foster fish consumption while minimizing exposure to toxic contaminants. Ribe su zdravi izvor prehrambenih proteina te su bogate hranjivim tvarima poput omega-3 masnih kiselina. Dokazano je blagotvorno djelovanje konzumacije ribe pri koronarnim srčanim bolestima, moždanom udaru, makularnim degeneracijama uzrokovanim dobi te rastom i razvojem. Međutim, ovakvo djelovanje može osujetiti prisutnost zagađivala poput metilžive (MeHg), dioksina, poliklorbifenila (PCB-a) te drugih halogeniranih perzistentnih organskih zagađivala. MeHg je znana po neurotoksičnome djelovanju tijekom razvoja, na što su upozorila neka istraživanja na životinjama te slučajevi otrovanja ljudi u Japanu i Iraku. Riba je glavni izvor izloženosti opće populacije metilživi, a veliki grabežljivci (sabljarka, tuna) sadržavaju najveće razine ovog zagađivala. Regulacijske su agencije stoga odredile privremeni podnošljivi tjedni unos od 0.7 μg kg-1 do 1.6 μg kg-1. Zabrinutost zbog zagađenja ribe dioksinima i PCB-ima nalik dioksinu proizlazi iz njihove kancerogenosti, imunotoksičnosti te reprodukcijske i razvojne toksičnosti. Izgleda da uzgojene i ulovljene neuzgojene ribe imaju podjednake razine zagađivala. Stoga valja imati na umu preporuke za ograničenje potrošnje pojedinih vrsta riba u djece, trudnica i žena u reprodukcijskoj dobi. Promišljanja koja pažljivo odvaguju rizike i dobrobit trebaju promicati konzumaciju ribe uz smanjenje izloženosti toksičnim zagađivalima.
  • Editor: Croatia: Versita
  • Idioma: Inglês;Croatian
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