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Dynamics of DNA methylation in recent human and great ape evolution

Hernando-Herraez, Irene ; Prado-Martinez, Javier ; Garg, Paras ; Fernandez-Callejo, Marcos ; Heyn, Holger ; Hvilsom, Christina ; Navarro, Arcadi ; Esteller, Manel ; Sharp, Andrew J ; Marques-Bonet, Tomas Gilad, Yoav

PLoS genetics, 2013-09, Vol.9 (9), p.e1003763-e1003763 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Public Library of Science

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Título:
Dynamics of DNA methylation in recent human and great ape evolution
Autor: Hernando-Herraez, Irene ; Prado-Martinez, Javier ; Garg, Paras ; Fernandez-Callejo, Marcos ; Heyn, Holger ; Hvilsom, Christina ; Navarro, Arcadi ; Esteller, Manel ; Sharp, Andrew J ; Marques-Bonet, Tomas
Gilad, Yoav
Assuntos: Animals ; Apes ; CpG Islands - genetics ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA methylation ; DNA Methylation - genetics ; DNA sequencing ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Evolutionary genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic aspects ; Genomic Imprinting ; Genomics ; Genètica animal ; Gorilla gorilla - genetics ; Goril·les ; Hominidae - genetics ; Humans ; Methylation ; Monkeys & apes ; Nucleotide sequencing ; Pan paniscus - genetics ; Pan troglodytes - genetics ; Physiological aspects ; Pongo - genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic
É parte de: PLoS genetics, 2013-09, Vol.9 (9), p.e1003763-e1003763
Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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content type line 23
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Conceived and designed the experiments: TMB AJS IHH. Performed the experiments: IHH JPM. Analyzed the data: IHH ME HH TMB AJS JPM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MFC PG CH AN. Wrote the paper: IHH TMB AJS.
Descrição: DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification involved in regulatory processes such as cell differentiation during development, X-chromosome inactivation, genomic imprinting and susceptibility to complex disease. However, the dynamics of DNA methylation changes between humans and their closest relatives are still poorly understood. We performed a comparative analysis of CpG methylation patterns between 9 humans and 23 primate samples including all species of great apes (chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla and orangutan) using Illumina Methylation450 bead arrays. Our analysis identified ∼800 genes with significantly altered methylation patterns among the great apes, including ∼170 genes with a methylation pattern unique to human. Some of these are known to be involved in developmental and neurological features, suggesting that epigenetic changes have been frequent during recent human and primate evolution. We identified a significant positive relationship between the rate of coding variation and alterations of methylation at the promoter level, indicative of co-occurrence between evolution of protein sequence and gene regulation. In contrast, and supporting the idea that many phenotypic differences between humans and great apes are not due to amino acid differences, our analysis also identified 184 genes that are perfectly conserved at protein level between human and chimpanzee, yet show significant epigenetic differences between these two species. We conclude that epigenetic alterations are an important force during primate evolution and have been under-explored in evolutionary comparative genomics.
Editor: United States: Public Library of Science
Idioma: Inglês

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Dynamics of DNA methylation in recent human and great ape evolution

Hernando-Herraez, Irene ; Prado-Martinez, Javier ; Garg, Paras ; Fernandez-Callejo, Marcos ; Heyn, Holger ; Hvilsom, Christina ; Navarro, Arcadi ; Esteller, Manel ; Sharp, Andrew J ; Marques-Bonet, Tomas Gilad, Yoav

United States: Public Library of Science

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