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Bidrag till tolkningen av den latinska inskriften på den danska medaljen slagen till minne av Vänersborgs erövring år 1676: Contribution to the interpretation of the Latin inscription on the Danish medal struck in memory of the capture of Vanersborg in 1676

Bohlin, Erik

Fornvännen, 2020, Vol.115 (4), p.251

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  • Título:
    Bidrag till tolkningen av den latinska inskriften på den danska medaljen slagen till minne av Vänersborgs erövring år 1676: Contribution to the interpretation of the Latin inscription on the Danish medal struck in memory of the capture of Vanersborg in 1676
  • Autor: Bohlin, Erik
  • Assuntos: Archaeology ; Arkeologi ; Art History ; Christopher ; Gyldenløve ; Historia ; History ; Inskrifter ; Konstvetenskap ; Kungl. Myntkabinettet ; Latin ; Medaljer ; Schneider ; Skånska kriget 1675-1679 ; Slaget vid Vänersborg 1676 ; Specific Languages ; Språkstudier ; Ulrik Frederik ; Vänersborg
  • É parte de: Fornvännen, 2020, Vol.115 (4), p.251
  • Descrição: In 1676, during the Scanian War (1675-1679), the Danish Governor-General of Norway, Ulrik Frederik Gyldenlove, led a military campaign in western Sweden, commonly known as the Gyldenlove War. On the 25th and 26th of June, his army defeated the Swedish forces at the fortified town of Vanersborg, whereby the Swedish troops retreated, the abandoned town was seized, and its fortlet surrendered. To commemorate the victory, a Danish medal was struck shortly thereafter; its reverse features an outline of the fortified town and a Latin inscription: HIC TRANSIIT INVIA VIRTUS. The inscription has generally been interpreted in such a way that invia is taken to be the direct object (in the accusative neuter plural) of transiit: "Here valour passed the impassable" (so van Loon 1728/1732, Galster 1936, Blomgren 1965), viz. the Danes' offensive valour is being lauded. In this article, however, it is argued that Ossbahr's (19 2 7) interpretation ("Here the impassable valour was lost"; invia taken as a modifier qualifying virtus) rejected by later scholarship, granted a slight modification, not only becomes valid but also has its demonstrable merits; hence: "Here the impregnable valour was lost." The phrase invia virtus, 'impregnable valour', attested in Early Modern Latin, is here understood as referring to the defenders' favourable strategic position at Vanersborg and also - with intended Danish ridicule - to the poor defensive performance of the Swedish military and ultimately the Swedish king himself. For during the winter of 1675-1676, King Charles XI had resided in Vanersborg overseeing military preparations in the area, but no longer than approximately two months after his departure, the town was conquered by Gyldenlove. Moreover, it is suggested that the Latin inscription alludes to the well-known Pater sancte, sic transitgloria mundi ("Holy Father, thus passes the glory of the world"). Even though both interpretations are likely to convey an intended double meaning of the inscription, priority is given to "Here the impregnable valour was lost", as it constitutes a more effective and polemical Danish response to the Latin inscribed on the Swedish medal struck in honour of King Charles X Gustavus' march over the frozen Danish straits of the Little Belt and the Great Belt in 1658: Invia virtuti nulla est via ("No way is impassable to valour"; Ovid's Metamorphoses 14,113). As the Danish medal undoubtedly is a reply to the Swedish one, the response carries additional force by stating that the formerly mighty Swedish valour has expired (and hence the tables have turned) rather than by solely purporting that the Danish valour has managed to imitate the Swedish feat of leading an army over frozen sea in the heart of Denmark by capturing a fortified town near the border to Norway.
  • Idioma: Sueco
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