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The balancing act of R-loop biology: The good, the bad, and the ugly

Hegazy, Youssef A. ; Fernando, Chrishan M. ; Tran, Elizabeth J.

The Journal of biological chemistry, 2020-01, Vol.295 (4), p.905-913 [Periódico revisado por pares]

11200 Rockville Pike, Suite 302, Rockville, MD 20852-3110, U.S.A: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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  • Título:
    The balancing act of R-loop biology: The good, the bad, and the ugly
  • Autor: Hegazy, Youssef A. ; Fernando, Chrishan M. ; Tran, Elizabeth J.
  • Assuntos: JBC Reviews
  • É parte de: The Journal of biological chemistry, 2020-01, Vol.295 (4), p.905-913
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-2
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-3
    content type line 23
    ObjectType-Review-1
    Edited by Karin Musier-Forsyth
  • Descrição: An R-loop is a three-stranded nucleic acid structure that consists of a DNA:RNA hybrid and a displaced strand of DNA. R-loops occur frequently in genomes and have significant physiological importance. They play vital roles in regulating gene expression, DNA replication, and DNA and histone modifications. Several studies have uncovered that R-loops contribute to fundamental biological processes in various organisms. Paradoxically, although they do play essential positive functions required for important biological processes, they can also contribute to DNA damage and genome instability. Recent evidence suggests that R-loops are involved in a number of human diseases, including neurological disorders, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. This review focuses on the molecular basis for R-loop–mediated gene regulation and genomic instability and briefly discusses methods for identifying R-loops in vivo . It also highlights recent studies indicating the role of R-loops in DNA double-strand break repair with an updated view of much-needed future goals in R-loop biology.
  • Editor: 11200 Rockville Pike, Suite 302, Rockville, MD 20852-3110, U.S.A: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Idioma: Inglês
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