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Clinical and pulmonary function analysis in long-COVID revealed that long-term pulmonary dysfunction is associated with vascular inflammation pathways and metabolic syndrome

Sanhueza, Sergio ; Vidal, Mabel A. ; Hernandez, Mauricio A. ; Henriquez-Beltran, Mario E. ; Cabrera, Camilo ; Quiroga, Romina ; Antilef, Bárbara E. ; Aguilar, Kevin P. ; Castillo, Daniela A. ; Llerena, Faryd J. ; Fraga Figueroa, Marco ; Nazal, Mauricio ; Castro, Eritson ; Lagos, Paola ; Moreno, Alexa ; Lastra, Jaime J. ; Gajardo, Jorge ; Garcés, Pamela ; Riffo, Benilde ; Buchert, Jorge ; Sanhueza, Rocío ; Ormazába, Valeska ; Saldivia, Pablo ; Vargas, Cristian ; Nourdin, Guillermo ; Koch, Elard ; Zuñiga, Felipe A. ; Lamperti, Liliana ; Bustos, Paula ; Guzmán-Gutiérrez, Enrique ; Tapia, Claudio A. ; Ferrada, Luciano ; Cerda, Gustavo ; Woehlbier, Ute ; Riquelme, Erick ; Yuseff, Maria-Isabel ; Muñoz Ramirez, Braulio A. ; Lombardi, Giovanna ; De Gonzalo-Calvo, David ; Salomon, Carlos ; Verdugo, Ricardo A. ; Quiñones, Luis A. ; Colombo, Alicia ; Barría, Maria I. ; Labarca, Gonzalo ; Nova-Lamperti, Estefania

Frontiers in medicine, 2023-10, Vol.10, p.1271863-1271863 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

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Title:
Clinical and pulmonary function analysis in long-COVID revealed that long-term pulmonary dysfunction is associated with vascular inflammation pathways and metabolic syndrome
Author: Sanhueza, Sergio ; Vidal, Mabel A. ; Hernandez, Mauricio A. ; Henriquez-Beltran, Mario E. ; Cabrera, Camilo ; Quiroga, Romina ; Antilef, Bárbara E. ; Aguilar, Kevin P. ; Castillo, Daniela A. ; Llerena, Faryd J. ; Fraga Figueroa, Marco ; Nazal, Mauricio ; Castro, Eritson ; Lagos, Paola ; Moreno, Alexa ; Lastra, Jaime J. ; Gajardo, Jorge ; Garcés, Pamela ; Riffo, Benilde ; Buchert, Jorge ; Sanhueza, Rocío ; Ormazába, Valeska ; Saldivia, Pablo ; Vargas, Cristian ; Nourdin, Guillermo ; Koch, Elard ; Zuñiga, Felipe A. ; Lamperti, Liliana ; Bustos, Paula ; Guzmán-Gutiérrez, Enrique ; Tapia, Claudio A. ; Ferrada, Luciano ; Cerda, Gustavo ; Woehlbier, Ute ; Riquelme, Erick ; Yuseff, Maria-Isabel ; Muñoz Ramirez, Braulio A. ; Lombardi, Giovanna ; De Gonzalo-Calvo, David ; Salomon, Carlos ; Verdugo, Ricardo A. ; Quiñones, Luis A. ; Colombo, Alicia ; Barría, Maria I. ; Labarca, Gonzalo ; Nova-Lamperti, Estefania
Subjects: chemokines ; COVID-19 ; Medicine ; metabolic syndrome ; pulmonary dysfunction ; sequelae ; vascular inflammation
Is Part Of: Frontiers in medicine, 2023-10, Vol.10, p.1271863-1271863
Notes: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
Edited by: César Fernández-de-las-Peñas, Rey Juan Carlos University, Spain
Reviewed by: Kin Israel Notarte, Johns Hopkins University, United States; Marwa Kamal, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship
These authors have contributed equally to this work and share last authorship
Description: Introduction Long-term pulmonary dysfunction (L-TPD) is one of the most critical manifestations of long-COVID. This lung affection has been associated with disease severity during the acute phase and the presence of previous comorbidities, however, the clinical manifestations, the concomitant consequences and the molecular pathways supporting this clinical condition remain unknown. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize L-TPD in patients with long-COVID and elucidate the main pathways and long-term consequences attributed to this condition by analyzing clinical parameters and functional tests supported by machine learning and serum proteome profiling. Methods Patients with L-TPD were classified according to the results of their computer-tomography (CT) scan and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide adjusted for hemoglobin (DLCOc) tests at 4 and 12-months post-infection. Results Regarding the acute phase, our data showed that L-TPD was favored in elderly patients with hypertension or insulin resistance, supported by pathways associated with vascular inflammation and chemotaxis of phagocytes, according to computer proteomics. Then, at 4-months post-infection, clinical and functional tests revealed that L-TPD patients exhibited a restrictive lung condition, impaired aerobic capacity and reduced muscular strength. At this time point, high circulating levels of platelets and CXCL9, and an inhibited FCgamma-receptor-mediated-phagocytosis due to reduced FcγRIII (CD16) expression in CD14+ monocytes was observed in patients with L-TPD. Finally, 1-year post infection, patients with L-TPD worsened metabolic syndrome and augmented body mass index in comparison with other patient groups. Discussion Overall, our data demonstrated that CT scan and DLCOc identified patients with L-TPD after COVID-19. This condition was associated with vascular inflammation and impair phagocytosis of virus-antibody immune complexes by reduced FcγRIII expression. In addition, we conclude that COVID-19 survivors required a personalized follow-up and adequate intervention to reduce long-term sequelae and the appearance of further metabolic diseases.
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A
Language: English

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Clinical and pulmonary function analysis in long-COVID revealed that long-term pulmonary dysfunction is associated with vascular inflammation pathways and metabolic syndrome

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