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Virulence and Competitive Ability in Genetically Diverse Malaria Infections

de Roode, Jacobus C. ; Pansini, Riccardo ; Cheesman, Sandra J. ; Michelle E. H. Helinski ; Huijben, Silvie ; Wargo, Andrew R. ; Bell, Andrew S. ; Brian H. K. Chan ; Walliker, David ; Read, Andrew F. ; Moran, Nancy A.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2005-05, Vol.102 (21), p.7624-7628 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: National Academy of Sciences

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Título:
Virulence and Competitive Ability in Genetically Diverse Malaria Infections
Autor: de Roode, Jacobus C. ; Pansini, Riccardo ; Cheesman, Sandra J. ; Michelle E. H. Helinski ; Huijben, Silvie ; Wargo, Andrew R. ; Bell, Andrew S. ; Brian H. K. Chan ; Walliker, David ; Read, Andrew F. ; Moran, Nancy A.
Assuntos: Animals ; Anopheles - parasitology ; Biological competition ; Biological Sciences ; Coinfection ; Diptera ; Erythrocyte Count ; Evolution ; Evolutionary genetics ; Genetic diversity ; Host-Parasite Interactions - physiology ; Infections ; Malaria ; Malaria - parasitology ; Malaria - transmission ; Mice ; Mice - parasitology ; Mosquitos ; Parasite hosts ; Parasites ; Plasmodium chabaudi ; Plasmodium chabaudi - pathogenicity ; Plasmodium chabaudi - physiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Population Density ; Quantitative genetics ; Rats - parasitology ; Reproduction - physiology ; Species Specificity ; Virulence ; Viruses
É parte de: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2005-05, Vol.102 (21), p.7624-7628
Notas: ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-1
content type line 23
Edited by Nancy A. Moran, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, and approved April 1, 2005
Present address: Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322.
Present address: Entomology Unit, Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria.
Present address: Evolutionary Anthropology Research Group, Department of Anthropology, University of Durham, 43 Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HN, United Kingdom.
Abbreviation: RBC, red blood cell.
This paper was submitted directly (Track II) to the PNAS office.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jderood@emory.edu.
Descrição: Explaining parasite virulence is a great challenge for evolutionary biology. Intuitively, parasites that depend on their hosts for their survival should be benign to their hosts, yet many parasites cause harm. One explanation for this is that within-host competition favors virulence, with more virulent strains having a competitive advantage in genetically diverse infections. This idea, which is well supported in theory, remains untested empirically. Here we provide evidence that within-host competition does indeed select for high parasite virulence. We examine the rodent malaria Plasmodium chabaudi in laboratory mice, a parasite-host system in which virulence can be easily monitored and competing strains quantified by using strain-specific real-time PCR. As predicted, we found a strong relationship between parasite virulence and competitive ability, so that more virulent strains have a competitive advantage in mixed-strain infections. In transmission experiments, we found that the strain composition of the parasite populations in mosquitoes was directly correlated with the composition of the bloodstage parasite population. Thus, the outcome of within-host competition determined relative transmission success. Our results imply that within-host competition is a major factor driving the evolution of virulence and can explain why many parasites harm their hosts.
Editor: United States: National Academy of Sciences
Idioma: Inglês

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Virulence and Competitive Ability in Genetically Diverse Malaria Infections

de Roode, Jacobus C. ; Pansini, Riccardo ; Cheesman, Sandra J. ; Michelle E. H. Helinski ; Huijben, Silvie ; Wargo, Andrew R. ; Bell, Andrew S. ; Brian H. K. Chan ; Walliker, David ; Read, Andrew F. ; Moran, Nancy A.

United States: National Academy of Sciences

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