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Gestational age and birth growth parameters as early predictors of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Hasken, Julie M. ; Marais, Anna‐Susan ; Vries, Marlene ; Joubert, Belinda ; Cloete, Marise ; Botha, Isobel ; Symington, Sumien Roux ; Kalberg, Wendy O. ; Buckley, David ; Robinson, Luther K. ; Manning, Melanie A. ; Parry, Charles D. H. ; Seedat, Soraya ; Hoyme, H. Eugene ; May, Philip A.

Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2021-08, Vol.45 (8), p.1624-1638 [Revista revisada por pares]

England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc

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  • Título:
    Gestational age and birth growth parameters as early predictors of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
  • Autor: Hasken, Julie M. ; Marais, Anna‐Susan ; Vries, Marlene ; Joubert, Belinda ; Cloete, Marise ; Botha, Isobel ; Symington, Sumien Roux ; Kalberg, Wendy O. ; Buckley, David ; Robinson, Luther K. ; Manning, Melanie A. ; Parry, Charles D. H. ; Seedat, Soraya ; Hoyme, H. Eugene ; May, Philip A.
  • Materias: Adult ; Alcohol use ; Alcoholism ; Child ; Child Development ; Children ; Diagnosis ; Drinking behavior ; Female ; fetal alcohol spectrum disorders ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders - epidemiology ; Fetal alcohol syndrome ; Gestational age ; Growth Disorders - epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature - growth & development ; Infant, Small for Gestational Age ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Neurodevelopmental disorders ; Population studies ; Pregnancy ; Premature birth ; prenatal alcohol exposure ; Prenatal experience ; Preterm ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk factors ; Small for gestational age ; South Africa - epidemiology ; Young Adult
  • Es parte de: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2021-08, Vol.45 (8), p.1624-1638
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
    Author contributions: Philip May was the principal investigator of the NIH grants that funded this research. He and Julie Hasken completed the data analysis and were the primary writers and editors on all drafts. Anna-Susan Marais and Marlene de Vries were the program/project managers who supervised all field site protocols and data collection. Belinda Joubert, Marise Cloete, Isobel Botha, and Sumien Roux Symington interviewed all mothers of children in this study. Wendy Kalberg and David Buckley designed and oversaw cognitive testing data collection and supervised data entry of all diagnostic data in the United States. Melanie Manning, Luther Robinson, and Eugene Hoyme provided physical dysmorphology exams to the children and made final diagnoses of children in multidisciplinary case conferences. Soraya Seedat and Charles Parry were the South African co-investigators who contributed to the design and facilitation of all study activities in South Africa. Each author contributed to and approved the final draft of the manuscript.
  • Descripción: Objective To investigate gestational age and growth at birth as predictors of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Methods The sample analyzed here comprises 737 randomly selected children who were assessed for growth, dysmorphology, and neurobehavior at 7 years of age. Maternal interviews were conducted to ascertain prenatal alcohol exposure and other maternal risk factors. Birth data originated from clinic records and the data at 7 years of age originated from population‐based, in‐school studies. Binary linear regression assessed the relationship between preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and their combination on the odds of a specific FASD diagnosis or any FASD. Results Among children diagnosed with FASD at 7 years of age (n = 255), a review of birth records indicated that 18.4% were born preterm, 51.4% were SGA, and 5.9% were both preterm and SGA. When compared to non‐FASD controls (n = 482), the birth percentages born preterm, SGA, and both preterm and SGA were respectively 12.0%, 27.7%, and 0.5%. Mothers of children with FASD reported more drinking during all trimesters, higher gravidity, lower educational attainment, and older age at pregnancy. After controlling for usual drinks per drinking day in the first trimester, number of trimesters of drinking, maternal education, tobacco use, and maternal age, the odds ratio of an FASD diagnosis by age 7 was significantly associated with SGA (OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.35 to 3.45). SGA was also significantly associated with each of the 3 most common specific diagnoses within the FASD continuum: fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS; OR = 3.1), partial FAS (OR = 2.1), and alcohol‐related neurodevelopmental disorder (OR = 2.0). Conclusion SGA is a robust early indicator for FASD in this random sample of children assessed at 7 years of age. Among children diagnosed with FASD at seven years of age, 18.4% were born preterm, 51.4% were small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA), and 5.9% were both preterm and SGA, compared to 12%, 28%, and 0.5% for non‐FASD controls. After controlling for the usual number of drinks per drinking day in 1st trimester, the number of trimesters drank, maternal education, tobacco use, and maternal age, the odds ratio of an FASD diagnosis by age seven was significantly associated with SGA (OR=2.16, 95% CI:1.35‐3.45).
  • Editor: England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
  • Idioma: Inglés
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