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Changes in Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Rectal Mucosa Associated With Neisseria gonorrheae and/or Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Treatment Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Lima, Peru

Clark, Jesse L ; Oldenburg, Catherine E ; Passaro, Ryan C ; Segura, Eddy R ; Godwin, William ; Fulcher, Jennifer A ; Cabello, Robinson

The Journal of infectious diseases, 2024-03, Vol.229 (3), p.845-854 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Oxford University Press

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  • Título:
    Changes in Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Rectal Mucosa Associated With Neisseria gonorrheae and/or Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Treatment Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Lima, Peru
  • Autor: Clark, Jesse L ; Oldenburg, Catherine E ; Passaro, Ryan C ; Segura, Eddy R ; Godwin, William ; Fulcher, Jennifer A ; Cabello, Robinson
  • Assuntos: Chlamydia Infections - diagnosis ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; Cytokines ; Gonorrhea - diagnosis ; HIV Infections - drug therapy ; HIV-1 ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Peru - epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Rectal Diseases - epidemiology ; Sexual and Gender Minorities
  • É parte de: The Journal of infectious diseases, 2024-03, Vol.229 (3), p.845-854
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
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  • Descrição: Abstract Background Neisseria gonorrheae and Chlamydia trachomatis are associated with mucosal inflammation and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) transmission. We assessed levels of inflammatory cytokines in men who have sex with men (MSM) with and without rectal gonorrhea and/or chlamydia in Lima, Peru. Methods We screened 605 MSM reporting condomless receptive anal intercourse for rectal N. gonorrheae/C. trachomatis using nucleic acid testing. We identified 101 cases of gonorrhea and/or chlamydia and randomly selected 50 N. gonorrheae/C. trachomatis positive cases and matched 52 negative controls. We measured levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in rectal secretions. Tests for HIV-1, rectal N. gonorrheae/C. trachomatis, and mucosal cytokines were repeated after 3 and 6 months. Cytokine levels in cases and uninfected controls were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests and linear regression. Results MSM with gonorrhea/chlamydia had elevated levels of all cytokines in rectal mucosa compared with matched controls (all P values <.001). Following antibiotic treatment there were no significant differences in cytokine levels at 3- or 6-month follow-up evaluations (all P values >.05). Discussion Rectal gonorrhea/chlamydia infection is associated with transient mucosal inflammation and cytokine recruitment. Our data provide proof of concept for rectal sexually transmitted infection screening as an HIV prevention strategy for MSM. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT03010020. Rectal infection with Neisseria gonorrheae and/or Chlamydia trachomatis is associated with a transient elevation in levels of inflammatory cytokines in rectal mucosa that resolves following antibiotic treatment.
  • Editor: United States: Oxford University Press
  • Idioma: Inglês
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