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Dual Flagellar Systems Enable Motility under Different Circumstances

McCarter, Linda L.

Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2004-01, Vol.7 (1-2), p.18-29 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger AG

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Título:
Dual Flagellar Systems Enable Motility under Different Circumstances
Autor: McCarter, Linda L.
Assuntos: Aeromonas ; Archaea ; Azospirillum ; Bacteria - genetics ; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Bacterial Proteins - physiology ; Bacterial Proteins - ultrastructure ; Chemotaxis ; Flagella - genetics ; Flagella - physiology ; Flagella - ultrastructure ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial - genetics ; Movement - physiology ; Rhodospirillum ; Vibrio ; Vibrio - physiology ; Vibrio - ultrastructure ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus - genetics ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus - physiology ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus - ultrastructure
É parte de: Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2004-01, Vol.7 (1-2), p.18-29
Notas: ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ObjectType-Review-1
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ObjectType-Review-2
Descrição: Flagella are extremely effective organelles of locomotion used by a variety of bacteria and archaea. Some bacteria, including Aeromonas, Azospirillum, Rhodospirillum, and Vibrio species, possess dual flagellar systems that are suited for movement under different circumstances. Swimming in liquid is promoted by a single polar flagellum. Swarming over surfaces or in viscous environments is enabled by the production of numerous peritrichous, or lateral, flagella. The polar flagellum is produced continuously, while the lateral flagella are produced under conditions that disable polar flagellar function. Thus at times, two types of flagellar organelles are assembled simultaneously. This review focuses on the polar and lateral flagellar systems of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Approximately 50 polar and 40 lateral flagellar genes have been identified encoding distinct structural, motor, export/assembly, and regulatory elements. The sodium motive force drives polar flagellar rotation, and the proton motive force powers lateral translocation. Polar genes are found exclusively on the large chromosome, and lateral genes reside entirely on the small chromosome of the organism. The timing of gene expression corresponds to the temporal demand for components during assembly of the organelle: RpoN and lateral- and polar-specific σ54-dependent transcription factors control early/intermediate gene transcription; lateral- and polar-specific σ28 factors direct late flagellar gene expression. Although a different gene set encodes each flagellar system, the constituents of a central navigation system (i.e., chemotaxis signal transduction) are shared.
Editor: Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger AG
Idioma: Inglês

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Dual Flagellar Systems Enable Motility under Different Circumstances

McCarter, Linda L.

Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger AG

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