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On the physical origin of linguistic laws and lognormality in speech

Torre, Iván G ; Luque, Bartolo ; Lacasa, Lucas ; Kello, Christopher T ; Hernández-Fernández, Antoni

Royal Society open science, 2019-08, Vol.6 (8), p.191023-191023 [Periódico revisado por pares]

England: The Royal Society

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  • Título:
    On the physical origin of linguistic laws and lognormality in speech
  • Autor: Torre, Iván G ; Luque, Bartolo ; Lacasa, Lucas ; Kello, Christopher T ; Hernández-Fernández, Antoni
  • Assuntos: Brevity Law ; Buckeye corpus ; Computational linguistics ; Herdan’s Law ; Informàtica ; Intel·ligència artificial ; Lingüística computacional ; Llenguatge natural ; lognormal distribution ; Menzerath–Altmann Law ; Physics ; Zipf’s Law ; Àrees temàtiques de la UPC
  • É parte de: Royal Society open science, 2019-08, Vol.6 (8), p.191023-191023
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
    Electronic supplementary material is available online at https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4605452.
  • Descrição: Physical manifestations of linguistic units include sources of variability due to factors of speech production which are by definition excluded from counts of linguistic symbols. In this work, we examine whether linguistic laws hold with respect to the physical manifestations of linguistic units in spoken English. The data we analyse come from a phonetically transcribed database of acoustic recordings of spontaneous speech known as the Buckeye Speech corpus. First, we verify with unprecedented accuracy that acoustically transcribed durations of linguistic units at several scales comply with a lognormal distribution, and we quantitatively justify this 'lognormality law' using a stochastic generative model. Second, we explore the four classical linguistic laws (Zipf's Law, Herdan's Law, Brevity Law and Menzerath-Altmann's Law (MAL)) in oral communication, both in physical units and in symbolic units measured in the speech transcriptions, and find that the validity of these laws is typically stronger when using physical units than in their symbolic counterpart. Additional results include (i) coining a Herdan's Law in physical units, (ii) a precise mathematical formulation of Brevity Law, which we show to be connected to optimal compression principles in information theory and allows to formulate and validate yet another law which we call the size-rank law or (iii) a mathematical derivation of MAL which also highlights an additional regime where the law is inverted. Altogether, these results support the hypothesis that statistical laws in language have a physical origin.
  • Editor: England: The Royal Society
  • Idioma: Inglês
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