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Dynamics of adipose tissue turnover in human metabolic health and disease

White, Ursula ; Ravussin, Eric

Diabetologia, 2019-01, Vol.62 (1), p.17-23 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Título:
Dynamics of adipose tissue turnover in human metabolic health and disease
Autor: White, Ursula ; Ravussin, Eric
Assuntos: Adipocytes ; Adipocytes - metabolism ; Adipogenesis ; Adipose tissue ; Adipose Tissue - metabolism ; Adipose Tissue - pathology ; Adipose Tissue, White - metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, White - pathology ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - pathology ; Energy balance ; Energy intake ; Energy metabolism ; Human Physiology ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Hypertrophy ; Internal Medicine ; Labelling ; Liver ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metabolic Diseases ; Metabolic syndrome ; Metabolism ; Obesity ; Obesity - metabolism ; Obesity - pathology ; Review ; Skeletal muscle ; Triglycerides - metabolism
É parte de: Diabetologia, 2019-01, Vol.62 (1), p.17-23
Notas: ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Review-1
Contribution statement Both authors were responsible for drafting the article and revising it critically for important intellectual content. Both authors approved the version to be published.
Descrição: White adipose tissue is a highly plastic organ and is an important regulator of whole-body metabolism and energy balance. The magnitude of adipose tissue mass is determined by dynamic changes in the synthesis and breakdown (i.e. turnover) of adipocytes and triacylglycerols (TGs). Obesity is a disorder characterised by excessive adiposity and is a risk factor for diseases, including the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Adipose tissue expansion is necessary to accommodate chronic excess energy intake and is characterised by enlargement of existing adipocytes (hypertrophy) and by increase in pre-adipocyte and adipocyte numbers (hyperplasia). Evidence suggests that the manner of subcutaneous adipose expansion can influence metabolic health, as impaired adipogenesis, namely restricted hyperplasia, may lead to ectopic lipid deposition in the liver and skeletal muscle, contributing to the pathogenesis of obesity-related disorders. Despite the plausible role of adipose turnover in human health and pathology, little is known about the in vivo kinetics of adipose tissue components (both adipose cells and TGs). This is due, in part, to the slow turnover rate of adipose tissue and the complexity of directly labelling pathway precursors. This review provides a brief summary of findings derived from in vitro techniques, as well as an overview of two in vivo methods that are being implemented to assess the turnover of adipose cells and TGs. Finally, the role of adipose tissue turnover in metabolic health and disease is discussed.
Editor: Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Idioma: Inglês

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Dynamics of adipose tissue turnover in human metabolic health and disease

White, Ursula ; Ravussin, Eric

Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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