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Biomolecular Condensates: Insights Into Early and Late Steps of the HIV-1 Replication Cycle

Nunzio, Francesca Di ; Uversky, Vladimir N ; Mouland, Andrew J

Digital Commons @ University of South Florida 2023

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Título:
Biomolecular Condensates: Insights Into Early and Late Steps of the HIV-1 Replication Cycle
Autor: Nunzio, Francesca Di ; Uversky, Vladimir N ; Mouland, Andrew J
Assuntos: Biomolecular Condensates (BMC) ; Coacervation ; Droplet-promoting Region ; HIV-1 ; Integration ; Intrinsically Disordered Protein (IDP) ; Intrinsically Disordered Region (IDR) ; Liquid–liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Membraneless Organelles (MLO) ; Molecular Recognition Feature ; Nuclear Pore Complex ; Posttranslational Modification ; Protein–protein Interactions ; Retrovirus ; Transcription ; Virus Assembly
Notas: Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications
Descrição: A rapidly evolving understanding of phase separation in the biological and physical sciences has led to the redefining of virus-engineered replication compartments in many viruses with RNA genomes. Condensation of viral, host and genomic and subgenomic RNAs can take place to evade the innate immunity response and to help viral replication. Divergent viruses prompt liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) to invade the host cell. During HIV replication there are several steps involving LLPS. In this review, we characterize the ability of individual viral and host partners that assemble into biomolecular condensates (BMCs). Of note, bioinformatic analyses predict models of phase separation in line with several published observations. Importantly, viral BMCs contribute to function in key steps retroviral replication. For example, reverse transcription takes place within nuclear BMCs, called HIV-MLOs while during late replication steps, retroviral nucleocapsid acts as a driver or scaffold to recruit client viral components to aid the assembly of progeny virions. Overall, LLPS during viral infections represents a newly described biological event now appreciated in the virology field, that can also be considered as an alternative pharmacological target to current drug therapies especially when viruses become resistant to antiviral treatment.
Editor: Digital Commons @ University of South Florida
Data de criação/publicação: 2023
Idioma: Inglês

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Biomolecular Condensates: Insights Into Early and Late Steps of the HIV-1 Replication Cycle

Nunzio, Francesca Di ; Uversky, Vladimir N ; Mouland, Andrew J

Digital Commons @ University of South Florida 2023

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