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Differences in the Clinical Manifestations and Host Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Children Compared to Adults

Demirhan, Salih ; Goldman, David L ; Herold, Betsy C

Journal of clinical medicine, 2023-12, Vol.13 (1), p.128 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Switzerland: MDPI AG

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Título:
Differences in the Clinical Manifestations and Host Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Children Compared to Adults
Autor: Demirhan, Salih ; Goldman, David L ; Herold, Betsy C
Assuntos: Antigens ; B cells ; Biological response modifiers ; Care and treatment ; Comparative analysis ; COVID-19 ; Cytokines ; Disease transmission ; Enzymes ; Epidemiology ; Hospitalization ; Immune response ; Infection ; Infections ; innate immunity ; Interferon ; Lymphocytes ; Morbidity ; Mortality ; Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children ; Mutation ; Pathogenesis ; pediatric COVID-19 ; Pediatrics ; Proteins ; Review ; SARS-CoV-2 variants ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Viruses
É parte de: Journal of clinical medicine, 2023-12, Vol.13 (1), p.128
Notas: ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Review-1
Descrição: The COVID-19 pandemic challenged the medical field to rapidly identify and implement new approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The scientific community also needed to rapidly initiate basic, translational, clinical and epidemiological studies to understand the pathophysiology of this new family of viruses, which continues to evolve with the emergence of new genetic variants. One of the earliest clinical observations that provided a framework for the research was the finding that, in contrast to most other respiratory viruses, children developed less severe acute and post-acute disease compared to adults. Although the clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection changed with each new wave of the pandemic, which was dominated by evolving viral variants, the differences in severity between children and adults persisted. Comparative immunologic studies have shown that children mount a more vigorous local innate response characterized by the activation of interferon pathways and recruitment of innate cells to the mucosa, which may mitigate against the hyperinflammatory adaptive response and systemic cytokine release that likely contributed to more severe outcomes including acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults. In this review, the clinical manifestations and immunologic responses in children during the different waves of COVID-19 are discussed.
Editor: Switzerland: MDPI AG
Idioma: Inglês

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Differences in the Clinical Manifestations and Host Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Children Compared to Adults

Demirhan, Salih ; Goldman, David L ; Herold, Betsy C

Switzerland: MDPI AG

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