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The changing epidemiology of human monkeypox-A potential threat? A systematic review

Bunge, Eveline M ; Hoet, Bernard ; Chen, Liddy ; Lienert, Florian ; Weidenthaler, Heinz ; Baer, Lorraine R ; Steffen, Robert Gromowski, Gregory

PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2022-02, Vol.16 (2), p.e0010141 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Public Library of Science

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Título:
The changing epidemiology of human monkeypox-A potential threat? A systematic review
Autor: Bunge, Eveline M ; Hoet, Bernard ; Chen, Liddy ; Lienert, Florian ; Weidenthaler, Heinz ; Baer, Lorraine R ; Steffen, Robert
Gromowski, Gregory
Assuntos: Adolescent ; Adult ; Adults ; Age ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Causes of ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Cross-protection ; Democratic Republic of the Congo ; Development and progression ; Disease transmission ; Diseases ; Distribution ; Epidemics ; Epidemiology ; Fatalities ; Female ; Grey literature ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Human monkeypox ; Humans ; Immunization ; Male ; Medical Subject Headings-MeSH ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Monkeypox ; Monkeypox virus - genetics ; Monkeypox virus - physiology ; Mpox (monkeypox) - epidemiology ; Mpox (monkeypox) - history ; Mpox (monkeypox) - mortality ; Mpox (monkeypox) - virology ; Orthopoxvirus ; Outbreaks ; People and Places ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Risk taking ; Smallpox ; Systematic review ; Transmission ; Travel-Related Illness ; Tropical diseases ; Vaccination ; Vaccines ; Viral infections ; Young Adult ; Young adults ; Zoonoses
É parte de: PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2022-02, Vol.16 (2), p.e0010141
Notas: new_version
I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Bernard Hoet, Liddy Chen, Florian Lienert, and Heinz Weidenthaler are employees of Bavarian Nordic. Eveline M. Bunge is an employee of Pallas Health Research Consultancy. Lorraine R. Baer is an employee of Baer PharMed Consulting, Ltd., which received funding for the preparation of the manuscript. Robert Steffen has been paid for lectures and participation in advisory boards by various vaccine manufacturers, including Bavarian Nordic. Please note that the study was fully funded by Bavarian Nordic with two contracts, first with Pallas Health Research and Consultancy to perform the systematic review, second with Baer PharMed Consulting, Ltd to support manuscript development. It is only after reviewing the data acknowledging the public health importance that the authors decided to submit a manuscript on the subject. The following authors received salary from the funder (BH, LC, FL, HW). The funder had a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript.
Descrição: Monkeypox, a zoonotic disease caused by an orthopoxvirus, results in a smallpox-like disease in humans. Since monkeypox in humans was initially diagnosed in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), it has spread to other regions of Africa (primarily West and Central), and cases outside Africa have emerged in recent years. We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature on how monkeypox epidemiology has evolved, with particular emphasis on the number of confirmed, probable, and/or possible cases, age at presentation, mortality, and geographical spread. The review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020208269). We identified 48 peer-reviewed articles and 18 grey literature sources for data extraction. The number of human monkeypox cases has been on the rise since the 1970s, with the most dramatic increases occurring in the DRC. The median age at presentation has increased from 4 (1970s) to 21 years (2010-2019). There was an overall case fatality rate of 8.7%, with a significant difference between clades-Central African 10.6% (95% CI: 8.4%- 13.3%) vs. West African 3.6% (95% CI: 1.7%- 6.8%). Since 2003, import- and travel-related spread outside of Africa has occasionally resulted in outbreaks. Interactions/activities with infected animals or individuals are risk behaviors associated with acquiring monkeypox. Our review shows an escalation of monkeypox cases, especially in the highly endemic DRC, a spread to other countries, and a growing median age from young children to young adults. These findings may be related to the cessation of smallpox vaccination, which provided some cross-protection against monkeypox, leading to increased human-to-human transmission. The appearance of outbreaks beyond Africa highlights the global relevance of the disease. Increased surveillance and detection of monkeypox cases are essential tools for understanding the continuously changing epidemiology of this resurging disease.
Editor: United States: Public Library of Science
Idioma: Inglês

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The changing epidemiology of human monkeypox-A potential threat? A systematic review

Bunge, Eveline M ; Hoet, Bernard ; Chen, Liddy ; Lienert, Florian ; Weidenthaler, Heinz ; Baer, Lorraine R ; Steffen, Robert Gromowski, Gregory

United States: Public Library of Science

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