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Accelerators and Medicine

William T. Chu

Journal of the Korean Physical Society, 2007, 50(I), , pp.1385-1389 [Periódico revisado por pares]

한국물리학회

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  • Título:
    Accelerators and Medicine
  • Autor: William T. Chu
  • Assuntos: 물리학
  • É parte de: Journal of the Korean Physical Society, 2007, 50(I), , pp.1385-1389
  • Notas: G704-000411.2007.50.I.039
  • Descrição: In 1930 Ernest Orlando Lawrence at the University of California, Berkeley invented the cyclotron, which accelerated protons to 80 keV using less than 1 kV on a semi-circular ``dee." The 60-Inch (150-cm) Cyclotron (1939) that accelerated deuterons to 19 MeV, enabled the first therapeutic applications anywhere of artificially produced radioisotopes on human patients, thereby a new medical modality called nuclear medicine was born. Around the world, there are about 100 isotope-producing cyclotrons (accelerating protons, and much less frequently deuterons, to energies in the range of 15-20 MeV). After WWII, Lawrence completed the 184-Inch (4.7-m) Synchrocyclotron that produced 340-MeV protons. The synchrocyclotrons in Berkeley and Uppsala, together with the Harvard cyclotron, would perform pioneering work in treatment of human cancer using accelerated hadrons. At the 184-Inch, in 1954 Cornelius Tobias and John Lawrence performed the first therapeutic exposure of human patients to hadron (deuteron and helium ion) beams. Clinical trials to treat human cancer using helium ions took place at the 184-Inch and the Bevalac, where trials using heavier ions including carbon, neon, silicon and argon ions were carried out to exploit their biological advantages over proton beams. Aside from the Berkeley trials, other clinical trials have been conducted at more than a dozen physics accelerators around the world. There are now proton and carbon-ion accelerator facilities dedicated for medical use around the world. KCI Citation Count: 18
  • Editor: 한국물리학회
  • Idioma: Coreano
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