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Genetic and chemical analyses reveal that trypanothione synthetase but not glutathionylspermidine synthetase is essential for Leishmania infantum

Sousa, André F. ; Gomes-Alves, Ana G. ; Benítez, Diego ; Comini, Marcelo A. ; Flohé, Leopold ; Jaeger, Timo ; Passos, Joana ; Stuhlmann, Friedrich ; Tomás, Ana M. ; Castro, Helena

Free radical biology & medicine, 2014-08, Vol.73, p.229-238 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Elsevier Inc

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Genetic and chemical analyses reveal that trypanothione synthetase but not glutathionylspermidine synthetase is essential for Leishmania infantum
Autor: Sousa, André F. ; Gomes-Alves, Ana G. ; Benítez, Diego ; Comini, Marcelo A. ; Flohé, Leopold ; Jaeger, Timo ; Passos, Joana ; Stuhlmann, Friedrich ; Tomás, Ana M. ; Castro, Helena
Assuntos: Amide Synthases - antagonists & inhibitors ; Amide Synthases - biosynthesis ; Amide Synthases - genetics ; Animals ; Antiprotozoal Agents - pharmacology ; Free radicals ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Glutathione - analogs & derivatives ; Glutathione - biosynthesis ; Glutathione - chemistry ; Glutathionylspermidine ; Leishmania ; Leishmania infantum - enzymology ; Leishmania infantum - genetics ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Spermidine - analogs & derivatives ; Spermidine - biosynthesis ; Spermidine - chemistry ; Target validation ; Trypanosoma ; Trypanothione
É parte de: Free radical biology & medicine, 2014-08, Vol.73, p.229-238
Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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Descrição: Trypanothione is a unique and essential redox metabolite of trypanosomatid parasites, the biosynthetic pathway of which is regarded as a promising target for antiparasitic drugs. Synthesis of trypanothione occurs by the consecutive conjugation of two glutathione molecules to spermidine. Both reaction steps are catalyzed by trypanothione synthetase (TRYS), a molecule known to be essential in Trypanosoma brucei. However, other trypanosomatids (including some Leishmania species and Trypanosoma cruzi) potentially express one additional enzyme, glutathionylspermidine synthetase (GSPS), capable of driving the first step of trypanothione synthesis yielding glutathionylspermidine. Because this monothiol can substitute for trypanothione in some reactions, the possibility existed that TRYS was redundant in parasites harboring GSPS. To clarify this issue, the functional relevance of both GSPS and TRYS was investigated in Leishmania infantum (Li). Employing a gene-targeting approach, we generated a gsps−/− knockout line, which was viable and capable of replicating in both life cycle stages of the parasite, thus demonstrating the superfluous role of LiGSPS. In contrast, elimination of both LiTRYS alleles was not possible unless parasites were previously complemented with an episomal copy of the gene. Retention of extrachromosomal LiTRYS in the trys−/−/+TRYS line after several passages in culture further supported the essentiality of this gene for survival of L. infantum (including its clinically relevant stage), hence ruling out the hypothesis of functional complementation by LiGSPS. Chemical targeting of LiTRYS with a drug-like compound was shown to also lead to parasite death. Overall, this study disqualifies GSPS as a target for drug development campaigns and, by genetic and chemical evidence, validates TRYS as a chemotherapeutic target in a parasite endowed with GSPS and, thus, probably along the entire trypanosomatid lineage. [Display omitted] •The Leishmania infantum genome harbors TRYS and GSPS full-length genes.•TRYS is constitutively expressed in L. infantum.•The GSPS transcript and protein product are undetectable in L. infantum.•TRYS, but not GSPS, is crucial in L. infantum promastigotes and amastigotes.•Chemical inhibition of TRYS impairs parasite survival.
Editor: United States: Elsevier Inc
Idioma: Inglês

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Genetic and chemical analyses reveal that trypanothione synthetase but not glutathionylspermidine synthetase is essential for Leishmania infantum

Sousa, André F. ; Gomes-Alves, Ana G. ; Benítez, Diego ; Comini, Marcelo A. ; Flohé, Leopold ; Jaeger, Timo ; Passos, Joana ; Stuhlmann, Friedrich ; Tomás, Ana M. ; Castro, Helena

United States: Elsevier Inc

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