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Environmental factors influencing spotted hyena and lion population biomass across Africa

Jones, Angharad K. ; Blockley, Simon P.E. ; Schreve, Danielle C. ; Carbone, Chris

Ecology and evolution, 2021-12, Vol.11 (23), p.17219-17237 [Periódico revisado por pares]

England: John Wiley & Sons, Inc

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  • Título:
    Environmental factors influencing spotted hyena and lion population biomass across Africa
  • Autor: Jones, Angharad K. ; Blockley, Simon P.E. ; Schreve, Danielle C. ; Carbone, Chris
  • Assuntos: Africa ; Animal populations ; Arid regions ; Biomass ; Carnivores ; Climate change ; Competition ; Crocuta crocuta ; Drought ; Environmental changes ; Environmental conditions ; Environmental factors ; Food ; large carnivores ; Least squares method ; National parks ; Panthera leo ; Partitioning ; population biomass ; Population decline ; Population density ; Populations ; Precipitation ; Predators ; Prey ; Regression analysis ; Regression models ; Seasons ; Summer ; Temperature ; Vegetation ; Vegetation cover
  • É parte de: Ecology and evolution, 2021-12, Vol.11 (23), p.17219-17237
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
  • Descrição: The spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta Erxleben) and the lion (Panthera leo Linnaeus) are two of the most abundant and charismatic large mammalian carnivores in Africa and yet both are experiencing declining populations and significant pressures from environmental change. However, with few exceptions, most studies have focused on influences upon spotted hyena and lion populations within individual sites, rather than synthesizing data from multiple locations. This has impeded the identification of over‐arching trends behind the changing biomass of these large predators. Using partial least squares regression models, influences upon population biomass were therefore investigated, focusing upon prey biomass, temperature, precipitation, and vegetation cover. Additionally, as both species are in competition with one other for food, the influence of competition and evidence of environmental partitioning were assessed. Our results indicate that spotted hyena biomass is more strongly influenced by environmental conditions than lion, with larger hyena populations in areas with warmer winters, cooler summers, less drought, and more semi‐open vegetation cover. Competition was found to have a negligible influence upon spotted hyena and lion populations, and environmental partitioning is suggested, with spotted hyena population biomass greater in areas with more semi‐open vegetation cover. Moreover, spotted hyena is most heavily influenced by the availability of medium‐sized prey biomass, whereas lion is influenced more by large size prey biomass. Given the influences identified upon spotted hyena populations in particular, the results of this study could be used to highlight populations potentially at greatest risk of decline, such as in areas with warming summers and increasingly arid conditions. This paper investigates the environmental influences upon spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) and lion (Panthera leo) biomass across Africa. The results indicate that spotted hyena biomass is more strongly influenced by environmental conditions than lion, with larger hyena populations in areas with warmer winters, cooler summers, less drought, and more semi‐open vegetation cover. Competition was found to have a negligible influence upon spotted hyena and lion populations, and environmental partitioning is suggested, with spotted hyena population biomass greater in areas with more semi‐open vegetation cover with spotted hyena most heavily influenced by the availability of medium‐sized prey biomass and lion by large size prey biomass.
  • Editor: England: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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