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Multi-scale ancient DNA analyses confirm the western origin of Michelsberg farmers and document probable practices of human sacrifice

Beau, Alice ; Rivollat, Maïté ; Réveillas, Hélène ; Pemonge, Marie-Hélène ; Mendisco, Fanny ; Thomas, Yohann ; Lefranc, Philippe ; Deguilloux, Marie-France Pinhasi, Ron

PloS one, 2017-07, Vol.12 (7), p.e0179742-e0179742 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Public Library of Science

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Multi-scale ancient DNA analyses confirm the western origin of Michelsberg farmers and document probable practices of human sacrifice
Autor: Beau, Alice ; Rivollat, Maïté ; Réveillas, Hélène ; Pemonge, Marie-Hélène ; Mendisco, Fanny ; Thomas, Yohann ; Lefranc, Philippe ; Deguilloux, Marie-France
Pinhasi, Ron
Assuntos: Agriculture, Prehistoric ; Ancient civilization ; Biological evolution ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Burial ; Ceremonial Behavior ; Chromosomes, Human, Y - genetics ; Circularity ; Civilization, Ancient ; Correlation ; Culture ; Data analysis ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA, Ancient - isolation & purification ; DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial - isolation & purification ; Earth Sciences ; Echoes ; Farmers ; Farming ; Female ; France ; Gene pool ; Genetic isolation ; Genetic screening ; Genetic testing ; History ; Human Migration ; Human sacrifice ; Humans ; Hunter-gatherers ; Hypotheses ; Integrated software ; Male ; Migration ; Mitochondria ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Multiscale analysis ; Neolithic ; Neolithic period ; Pits ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Population genetics ; Prehistoric agriculture ; Regional analysis ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Single-nucleotide polymorphism ; Social aspects ; Social behavior ; Social Sciences ; Software packages ; Stone Age
É parte de: PloS one, 2017-07, Vol.12 (7), p.e0179742-e0179742
Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Conceptualization: AB MR HR MFD.Data curation: AB MHP FM MFD.Formal analysis: AB MR MFD.Funding acquisition: AB MR HR PL MFD.Project administration: AB MR HR MHP MFD.Validation: AB MR MHP MFD.Visualization: AB MR HR MFD.Writing – original draft: AB MR HR PL MFD.Writing – review & editing: AB MR HR MHP FM YT PL MFD.
Descrição: In Europe, the Middle Neolithic is characterized by an important diversification of cultures. In northeastern France, the appearance of the Michelsberg culture has been correlated with major cultural changes and interpreted as the result of the settlement of new groups originating from the Paris Basin. This cultural transition has been accompanied by the expansion of particular funerary practices involving inhumations within circular pits and individuals in "non-conventional" positions (deposited in the pits without any particular treatment). If the status of such individuals has been highly debated, the sacrifice hypothesis has been retained for the site of Gougenheim (Alsace). At the regional level, the analysis of the Gougenheim mitochondrial gene pool (SNPs and HVR-I sequence analyses) permitted us to highlight a major genetic break associated with the emergence of the Michelsberg in the region. This genetic discontinuity appeared to be linked to new affinities with farmers from the Paris Basin, correlated to a noticeable hunter-gatherer legacy. All of the evidence gathered supports (i) the occidental origin of the Michelsberg groups and (ii) the potential implication of this migration in the progression of the hunter-gatherer legacy from the Paris Basin to Alsace / Western Germany at the beginning of the Late Neolithic. At the local level, we noted some differences in the maternal gene pool of individuals in "conventional" vs. "non-conventional" positions. The relative genetic isolation of these sub-groups nicely echoes both their social distinction and the hypothesis of sacrifices retained for the site. Our investigation demonstrates that a multi-scale aDNA study of ancient communities offers a unique opportunity to disentangle the complex relationships between cultural and biological evolution.
Editor: United States: Public Library of Science
Idioma: Inglês

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Multi-scale ancient DNA analyses confirm the western origin of Michelsberg farmers and document probable practices of human sacrifice

Beau, Alice ; Rivollat, Maïté ; Réveillas, Hélène ; Pemonge, Marie-Hélène ; Mendisco, Fanny ; Thomas, Yohann ; Lefranc, Philippe ; Deguilloux, Marie-France Pinhasi, Ron

United States: Public Library of Science

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