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Methane and carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters in India – implications for large scale greenhouse gas balances

Panneer Selvam, Balathandayuthabani ; Natchimuthu, Sivakiruthika ; Arunachalam, Lakshmanan ; Bastviken, David

Global change biology, 2014-11, Vol.20 (11), p.3397-3407 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Oxford: Blackwell Science

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Título:
Methane and carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters in India – implications for large scale greenhouse gas balances
Autor: Panneer Selvam, Balathandayuthabani ; Natchimuthu, Sivakiruthika ; Arunachalam, Lakshmanan ; Bastviken, David
Assuntos: Air Pollutants - analysis ; Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; aquatic ecosystems ; Biological and medical sciences ; Carbon dioxide ; Carbon Dioxide - analysis ; Carbon Sequestration ; carbon sinks ; Climate change ; diel CO2 ; Earth and Related Environmental Sciences ; Environmental Monitoring ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General aspects ; Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap ; Greenhouse Effect ; greenhouse gas emissions ; greenhouse gas inventory ; Greenhouse gases ; India ; inland water ; inland water emissions ; Lakes ; Methane ; Methane - analysis ; Natural Sciences ; Naturgeografi ; Naturvetenskap ; Physical Geography ; ponds ; Rivers ; surface water ; wells
É parte de: Global change biology, 2014-11, Vol.20 (11), p.3397-3407
Notas: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12575
Swedish Research Council
Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry
ArticleID:GCB12575
istex:BF4DF016FF47FCBB7D749A5A69EF8F0CEE009FC8
ark:/67375/WNG-TCHVJWC1-5
Table S1. Locations, water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, and some characteristics of the 45 systems sampled for this study. Table S2. Fluxes and concentrations of CH4 and CO2 from all the studied systems. Total CH4 fluxes include ebullition and diffusion. Uncertainty estimates denote ± 1 standard deviation. Appendix S1. Brief definitions of the categories of inland waters used in SAC ().
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Descrição: Inland waters were recently recognized to be important sources of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) to the atmosphere, and including inland water emissions in large scale greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets may potentially offset the estimated carbon sink in many areas. However, the lack of GHG flux measurements and well‐defined inland water areas for extrapolation, make the magnitude of the potential offset unclear. This study presents coordinated flux measurements of CH₄ and CO₂ in multiple lakes, ponds, rivers, open wells, reservoirs, springs, and canals in India. All these inland water types, representative of common aquatic ecosystems in India, emitted substantial amounts of CH₄ and a major fraction also emitted CO₂. The total CH₄ flux (including ebullition and diffusion) from all the 45 systems ranged from 0.01 to 52.1 mmol m⁻² d⁻¹, with a mean of 7.8 ± 12.7 (mean ± 1 SD) mmol m⁻² d⁻¹. The mean surface water CH₄ concentration was 3.8 ± 14.5 μm (range 0.03–92.1 μm). The CO₂ fluxes ranged from −28.2 to 262.4 mmol m⁻² d⁻¹ and the mean flux was 51.9 ± 71.1 mmol m⁻² d⁻¹. The mean partial pressure of CO₂ was 2927 ± 3269 μatm (range: 400–11 467 μatm). Conservative extrapolation to whole India, considering the specific area of the different water types studied, yielded average emissions of 2.1 Tg CH₄ yr⁻¹ and 22.0 Tg CO₂ yr⁻¹ from India's inland waters. When expressed as CO₂ equivalents, this amounts to 75 Tg CO₂ equivalents yr⁻¹ (53–98 Tg CO₂ equivalents yr⁻¹; ± 1 SD), with CH₄ contributing 71%. Hence, average inland water GHG emissions, which were not previously considered, correspond to 42% (30–55%) of the estimated land carbon sink of India. Thereby this study illustrates the importance of considering inland water GHG exchange in large scale assessments.
Editor: Oxford: Blackwell Science
Idioma: Inglês

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Methane and carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters in India – implications for large scale greenhouse gas balances

Panneer Selvam, Balathandayuthabani ; Natchimuthu, Sivakiruthika ; Arunachalam, Lakshmanan ; Bastviken, David

Oxford: Blackwell Science

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