Exploring the Genetic and Environmental Etiology of High General Cognitive Ability in Fourteen- to Thirty-Six-Month-Old Twins

• Autor: Petrill, Stephen A. ; Saudino, Kimberly ; Cherny, Stacey S. ; Emde, Robert N. ; Fulker, David W. ; Hewitt, John K. ; Plomin, Robert
• Assuntos: Babies ; Behavioral genetics ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child development ; Child Development - physiology ; Childhood ; Children ; Children & youth ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognition - physiology ; Cognition and Language ; Cognitive abilities ; Cognitive Ability ; Cognitive Development ; Developmental psychology ; Environment ; Environmental-Genetic factors ; Etiology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General Intelligence ; Genetics ; Heritability ; Humans ; Infant ; Intellectual Development ; Intelligence ; Longitudinal Studies ; Medical genetics ; Nature Nurture Controversy ; Newborn. Infant ; Parents - psychology ; Population mean ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Toddlers ; Twin studies ; Twins ; Twins - genetics
• É parte de: Child development, 1998-02, Vol.69 (1), p.68-74
• Notas: ArticleID:CDEV68
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• Descrição: Although numerous theories have attempted to explain the origins of high general cognitive ability (g), the genetic and environmental etiology of high g during infancy and early childhood has not previously been investigated. We report results of a twin study of high cognitive ability at 14, 20, 24, and 36 months using twins from the more than 600 children participating in the MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study. High g groups were formed from the ninetieth percentile and above at each age, with IQ equivalent means at or above 126 across the ages. Results suggest increasing genetic influence and increasing genetic stability from 14 to 36 months using DeFries-Fulker multiple regression analyses. However, genetic influences are substantial when examining individuals who possess high g scores averaged across all 4 ages. These results suggest that, although high cognitive ability may be genetically influenced in early childhood, these influences differ in magnitude from 14 to 36 months.
  
• Editor: Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  
• Idioma: Inglês