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Subcutaneous adipose fatty acid profiles and related rumen bacterial populations of steers fed red clover or grass hay diets containing flax or sunflower-seed

Petri, Renee M ; Mapiye, Cletos ; Dugan, Mike E R ; McAllister, Tim A Vajreswari, Ayyalasomayajula

PloS one, 2014-08, Vol.9 (8), p.e104167-e104167 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Public Library of Science

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  • Título:
    Subcutaneous adipose fatty acid profiles and related rumen bacterial populations of steers fed red clover or grass hay diets containing flax or sunflower-seed
  • Autor: Petri, Renee M ; Mapiye, Cletos ; Dugan, Mike E R ; McAllister, Tim A
  • Vajreswari, Ayyalasomayajula
  • Assuntos: Adipose tissue ; Animal Feed ; Animals ; Bacteria ; Barley ; Beef ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bovidae ; Cancer ; Cattle ; Clover ; Correlation ; Diet ; Experimentation ; Fatty acids ; Fatty Acids - metabolism ; Feed processing ; Fish oils ; Flax ; Food ; Forage ; Forages ; Gene expression ; Grasses ; Growth hormone ; Hay ; Helianthus ; Isomers ; Linolenic acid ; Medical research ; Metabolism ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics ; Nutrition research ; Oils & fats ; Oilseed crops ; Polyunsaturated fatty acids ; Red clover ; Rumen ; Rumen - microbiology ; Seeds
  • É parte de: PloS one, 2014-08, Vol.9 (8), p.e104167-e104167
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
    Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
    Conceived and designed the experiments: MERD TAM. Performed the experiments: RMP CM. Analyzed the data: RMO CM MERD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MERD TAM. Wrote the paper: RMP CM MERD TAM.
  • Descrição: Steers were fed 70∶30 forage∶concentrate diets for 205 days, with either grass hay (GH) or red clover silage (RC), and either sunflower-seed (SS) or flaxseed (FS), providing 5.4% oil in the diets. Compared to diets containing SS, FS diets had elevated (P<0.05) subcutaneous trans (t)-18:1 isomers, conjugated linoleic acids and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Forage and oilseed type influenced total n-3 PUFA, especially α-linolenic acid (ALA) and total non-conjugated diene biohydrogenation (BH) in subcutaneous fat with proportions being greater (P<0.05) for FS or GH as compared to SS or RC. Of the 25 bacterial genera impacted by diet, 19 correlated with fatty acids (FA) profile. Clostridium were most abundant when levels of conjugated linolenic acids, and n-3 PUFA's were found to be the lowest in subcutaneous fat, suggestive of their role in BH. Anerophaga, Fibrobacter, Guggenheimella, Paludibacter and Pseudozobellia were more abundant in the rumen when the levels of VA in subcutaneous fat were low. This study clearly shows the impact of oilseeds and forage source on the deposition of subcutaneous FA in beef cattle. Significant correlations between rumen bacterial genera and the levels of specific FA in subcutaneous fat maybe indicative of their role in determining the FA profile of adipose tissue. However, despite numerous correlations, the dynamics of rumen bacteria in the BH of unsaturated fatty acid and synthesis of PUFA and FA tissue profiles require further experimentation to determine if these correlations are consistent over a range of diets of differing composition. Present results demonstrate that in order to achieve targeted FA profiles in beef, a multifactorial approach will be required that takes into consideration not only the PUFA profile of the diet, but also the non-oil fraction of the diet, type and level of feed processing, and the role of rumen microbes in the BH of unsaturated fatty acid.
  • Editor: United States: Public Library of Science
  • Idioma: Inglês
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