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The skill content of recent technological change: An empirical exploration

Autor, David H ; Levy, Frank ; Murnane, Richard J

The Quarterly journal of economics, 2003-11, Vol.118 (4), p.1279-1333 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Oxford: MIT Press

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  • Título:
    The skill content of recent technological change: An empirical exploration
  • Autor: Autor, David H ; Levy, Frank ; Murnane, Richard J
  • Assuntos: Anforderungsprofil ; Arbeitsplatznachfrage ; Capital investments ; Cognitive models ; Computer technology ; Computers ; Economic models ; Economic theory ; Employment ; Industrial sectors ; Industry ; Informationstechnik ; Labor ; Labor demand ; Labor economics ; Qualifikation ; Shifts in demand ; Skills ; Studies ; Studium ; Technological change ; USA ; Weighted averages
  • É parte de: The Quarterly journal of economics, 2003-11, Vol.118 (4), p.1279-1333
  • Notas: ark:/67375/HXZ-37DLRNZF-K
    We thank the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Russell Sage Foundation, and the MIT-Ford Research Collaboration for financial support and Kokkeong Puah, Detelina Vasileva, and especially Melissa S. Kearny for research assistance. We are indebted to Daron Acemoglu, Joshua Angrist, Lex Borghans, Nicole Fortin, Edward Glaeser, Lawrence Katz, Kevin Lang, Thomas Lemieux, Sendhil Mullainathan, Richard Nelson, Kathryn Shaw, Marika Tatsutani, Bas ter Weel, three anonymous referees, and numerous seminar participants for excellent suggestions. We thank Randy Davis of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and Peter Szolovits of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for Computer Science for clarifying issues in artificial intelligence, and Michael Handel for providing key data sources and expert advice on use of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles.
    istex:FAD379A9CC7A0C3108C7D6A6E0B4A221BA747FEF
  • Descrição: We apply an understanding of what computers do to study how computerization alters job skill demands. We argue that computer capital (1) substitutes for workers in performing cognitive and manual tasks that can be accomplished by following explicit rules; and (2) complements workers in performing nonroutine problem-solving and complex communications tasks. Provided that these tasks are imperfect substitutes, our model implies measurable changes in the composition of job tasks, which we explore using representative data on task input for 1960 to 1998. We find that within industries, occupations, and education groups, computerization is associated with reduced labor input of routine manual and routine cognitive tasks and increased labor input of nonroutine cognitive tasks. Translating task shifts into education demand, the model can explain 60 percent of the estimated relative demand shift favoring college labor during 1970 to 1998. Task changes within nominally identical occupations account for almost half of this impact.
  • Editor: Oxford: MIT Press
  • Idioma: Inglês
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