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COLD WAR CARICATURES: "TOPAZE", HUNGER AND THE POLITICS OF POVERTY IN 1960S CHILE
Buttes, Stephen
Chasqui, 2017-05, Vol.46 (1), p.244-260
[Periódico revisado por pares]
Tempe: Chasqui: Revista de literatura latinoamericana
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Título:
COLD WAR CARICATURES: "TOPAZE", HUNGER AND THE POLITICS OF POVERTY IN 1960S CHILE
Autor:
Buttes, Stephen
Assuntos:
Aesthetics
;
Allende Gossens, Salvador (1908-1973)
;
Aspectos de salud
;
Aspectos sociales
;
Chilean literature
;
Cold War
;
Comic books
;
Crítica literaria
;
Crítica social
;
Cultura popular
;
Guerra Fría
;
Hambre
;
Historia hispanoamericana
;
Historietas ilustradas
;
Humor
;
Intersectionality
;
Justicia social
;
Latin American history
;
Literary characters
;
Literary criticism
;
Literary devices
;
Literary magazines
;
Literatura chilena
;
Malnutrition
;
Misogyny
;
Narratives
;
Novel
;
Novela
;
Pobreza
;
Politics
;
Politics and literature
;
Política y literatura
;
Popular culture
;
Poverty
;
Publishing
;
Publishing industry
;
Readers
;
Revistas literarias
;
Social criticism
;
Social justice
;
War
É parte de:
Chasqui, 2017-05, Vol.46 (1), p.244-260
Descrição:
In their seminal book Para leer al pato Donald: comunicación de masa y colonialismo (1972), Ariel Dorfman and Armand Mattelart identify an aesthetics of hunger as a key aspect of the popular culture that should have been developed during Salvador Allende's nascent Popular Unity government. Criticizing Disney's highly popular comic books for constructing a fantasy world in which characters like Donald Duck "nunca manifiesta[n] problemas con el arriendo, con la luz, con el alimento, con el vestuario" (101) and where "[el] hambre, como una vieja peste, ha sido superada" (101-02), Dorfman and Mattelart advocate for the creation of "[un] representante auténtico del trabajador contemporáneo" (107), a new visual image to accompany the new national culture coming into being. Imagining Donald's comic replacement as one who could not be disentangled from "los efectos [del hambre crónica] en el desarrollo corporal y mental en los seres humanos" (102) and who would make manifest "la muerte de millones por falta de alimento" (102), these critics suggest that "[la] risa fantástica y su eco se esfumarán para dejar lugar a una mueca" (159), the face of hunger in Chile that, once exposed through macabre humor, would enable the construction of Allende's "Chilean Path to Socialism." This essay interrogates these utopian claims for the revolutionary potential of comic visual depictions of hunger and misery within the popular culture of Cold War Chile. It does so not by examining the portraits of poverty presented by Popular Unity's cultural production but rather by analyzing "politically neutral" publications that came to an end with Allende's electoral victory. More specifically, this essay will examine the pages of "el semanario de humor más leído de Santiago" (Salinas 389), Topaze: el barómetro de la política chilena (1931-70) and its depictions of the hunger, malnutrition and poverty suffered by its "icon," Juan Verdejo.
Editor:
Tempe: Chasqui: Revista de literatura latinoamericana
Idioma:
Inglês
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