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Spinal cord stimulation reduces hypersensitivity through activation of opioid receptors in a frequency-dependent manner

Sato, K.L. ; King, E.W. ; Johanek, L.M. ; Sluka, K.A.

European journal of pain, 2013-04, Vol.17 (4), p.551-561 [Periódico revisado por pares]

England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd

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  • Título:
    Spinal cord stimulation reduces hypersensitivity through activation of opioid receptors in a frequency-dependent manner
  • Autor: Sato, K.L. ; King, E.W. ; Johanek, L.M. ; Sluka, K.A.
  • Assuntos: Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacology ; Animals ; Hyperalgesia - metabolism ; Hyperalgesia - therapy ; Morphine - pharmacology ; Naloxone - pharmacology ; Naltrexone - analogs & derivatives ; Naltrexone - pharmacology ; Narcotic Antagonists - pharmacology ; Neuralgia - metabolism ; Neuralgia - therapy ; Pain Measurement ; Physical Stimulation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Opioid - metabolism ; Spinal Cord - drug effects ; Spinal Cord - metabolism ; Spinal Cord Stimulation
  • É parte de: European journal of pain, 2013-04, Vol.17 (4), p.551-561
  • Notas: ArticleID:EJP220
    ark:/67375/WNG-BWNQTQMT-L
    Medtronic, Inc.
    istex:6671FE871F5A7738458C661C137D70756132F09F
    Carver College of Medicine at the University of Iowa - No. 90548
    Conflicts of interest
    Funding sources
    This research was funded by the Carver College of Medicine at the University of Iowa and a grant from Medtronic, Inc., No. 90548. Dr. Johanek is an employee of Medtronic, Inc.
    None declared.
    ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
  • Descrição: Background Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is used for the management of chronic intractable neuropathic pain. While used clinically, it is unclear if SCS produces its effects by activation of opioid receptors. The current study aimed to determine if endogenous opioids mediate the analgesia produced by SCS at different frequencies of stimulation in rats with neuropathic pain [spared nerve injury (SNI) model]. Methods Mechanical withdrawal thresholds of the paw were tested before and after 6 h of SCS at different frequencies (4 Hz, 60 Hz and sham) given daily for 4 days at 90% motor threshold 2 weeks after SNI. Rats were given naloxone (3–10 mg/kg/h), naltrindole (1 mg/kg/h) or were made tolerant to morphine (375 g pellets daily), and effects of SCS were tested. Results A dose of 3 mg/kg/h naloxone prevented the analgesia produced by 4‐Hz, but not 60‐Hz, SCS; 10 mg/kg/h prevented the analgesia produced by 60‐Hz SCS. Naltrindole prevented the analgesia produced by 60‐Hz, but not 4‐Hz, SCS. In morphine‐tolerant rats, 4‐Hz SCS had no effect on withdrawal thresholds, but 60‐Hz SCS remained effective as seen by increased withdrawal thresholds. Conclusion These results suggest that both 4‐ and 60‐Hz SCS, in part, work through opioid receptor mechanisms, with 4‐Hz SCS activating μ‐opioid receptors while 60‐Hz SCS activated δ‐opioid receptors.
  • Editor: England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Idioma: Inglês
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