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Mechanics of elastomeric molecular composites

Millereau, Pierre ; Ducrot, Etienne ; Clough, Jess M. ; Wiseman, Meredith E. ; Brown, Hugh R. ; Sijbesma, Rint P. ; Creton, Costantino

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2018-09, Vol.115 (37), p.9110-9115 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: National Academy of Sciences

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  • Título:
    Mechanics of elastomeric molecular composites
  • Autor: Millereau, Pierre ; Ducrot, Etienne ; Clough, Jess M. ; Wiseman, Meredith E. ; Brown, Hugh R. ; Sijbesma, Rint P. ; Creton, Costantino
  • Assuntos: Bonding strength ; Breakage ; Chemical bonds ; Cleavage ; Composite materials ; Condensed Matter ; Covalent bonds ; Crosslinking ; Elasticity ; Elastomers ; Energy ; Extensibility ; Fracture toughness ; Mechanical properties ; Mechanoluminescence ; Molecular chemistry ; Molecular composites ; Necking ; Percolation ; Physical Sciences ; Physics ; Polymer matrix composites ; Polymers ; Soft Condensed Matter
  • É parte de: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2018-09, Vol.115 (37), p.9110-9115
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
    PMCID: PMC6140500
    Author contributions: M.E.W. and C.C. designed research; P.M., E.D., and J.M.C. performed research; J.M.C. and R.P.S. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; P.M., E.D., J.M.C., M.E.W., H.R.B., R.P.S., and C.C. analyzed data; and P.M., E.D., M.E.W., H.R.B., R.P.S., and C.C. wrote the paper.
    1Present address: Center for Soft Matter Research and Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY 10003.
    Edited by David A. Weitz, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, and approved July 30, 2018 (received for review May 5, 2018)
  • Descrição: A classic paradigm of soft and extensible polymer materials is the difficulty of combining reversible elasticity with high fracture toughness, in particular for moduli above 1 MPa. Our recent discovery of multiple network acrylic elastomers opened a pathway to obtain precisely such a combination. We show here that they can be seen as true molecular composites with a well–cross-linked network acting as a percolating filler embedded in an extensible matrix, so that the stress–strain curves of a family of molecular composite materials made with different volume fractions of the same cross-linked network can be renormalized into a master curve. For low volume fractions (<3%) of cross-linked network, we demonstrate with mechanoluminescence experiments that the elastomer undergoes a strong localized softening due to scission of covalent bonds followed by a stable necking process, a phenomenon never observed before in elastomers. The quantification of the emitted luminescence shows that the damage in the material occurs in two steps, with a first step where random bond breakage occurs in the material accompanied by a moderate level of dissipated energy and a second step where a moderate level of more localized bond scission leads to a much larger level of dissipated energy. This combined use of mechanical macroscopic testing and molecular bond scission data provides unprecedented insight on how tough soft materials can damage and fail.
  • Editor: United States: National Academy of Sciences
  • Idioma: Inglês
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