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Circulating Angiotensin II Gains Access to the Hypothalamus and Brain Stem During Hypertension via Breakdown of the Blood–Brain Barrier

Biancardi, Vinicia Campana ; Son, Sook Jin ; Ahmadi, Sahra ; Filosa, Jessica A. ; Stern, Javier E.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. 1979), 2014-03, Vol.63 (3), p.572-579 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Hagerstown, MD: American Heart Association, Inc

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Título:
Circulating Angiotensin II Gains Access to the Hypothalamus and Brain Stem During Hypertension via Breakdown of the Blood–Brain Barrier
Autor: Biancardi, Vinicia Campana ; Son, Sook Jin ; Ahmadi, Sahra ; Filosa, Jessica A. ; Stern, Javier E.
Assuntos: Angiotensin II - blood ; Animals ; Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood and lymphatic vessels ; Blood Pressure ; Blood-Brain Barrier - metabolism ; Blood-Brain Barrier - physiopathology ; Brain Stem - metabolism ; Brain Stem - physiopathology ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypertension - metabolism ; Hypertension - physiopathology ; Hypothalamus - metabolism ; Hypothalamus - physiopathology ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Rats, Wistar
É parte de: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. 1979), 2014-03, Vol.63 (3), p.572-579
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Descrição: Angiotensin II–mediated vascular brain inflammation emerged as a novel pathophysiological mechanism in neurogenic hypertension. However, the precise underlying mechanisms and functional consequences in relation to blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity and central angiotensin II actions mediating neurohumoral activation in hypertension are poorly understood. Here, we aimed to determine whether BBB permeability within critical hypothalamic and brain stem regions involved in neurohumoral regulation was altered during hypertension. Using digital imaging quantification after intravascularly injected fluorescent dyes and immunohistochemistry, we found increased BBB permeability, along with altered key BBB protein constituents, in spontaneously hypertensive rats within the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, the nucleus of the solitary tract, and the rostral ventrolateral medulla, all critical brain regions known to contribute to neurohumoral activation during hypertension. BBB disruption, including increased permeability and downregulation of constituent proteins, was prevented in spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan, but not with hydralazine, a direct vasodilator. Importantly, we found circulating angiotensin II to extravasate into these brain regions, colocalizing with neurons and microglial cells. Taken together, our studies reveal a novel angiotensin II–mediated feed-forward mechanism during hypertension, by which circulating angiotensin II evokes increased BBB permeability, facilitating in turn its access to critical brain regions known to participate in blood pressure regulation.
Editor: Hagerstown, MD: American Heart Association, Inc
Idioma: Inglês

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Circulating Angiotensin II Gains Access to the Hypothalamus and Brain Stem During Hypertension via Breakdown of the Blood–Brain Barrier

Biancardi, Vinicia Campana ; Son, Sook Jin ; Ahmadi, Sahra ; Filosa, Jessica A. ; Stern, Javier E.

Hagerstown, MD: American Heart Association, Inc

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