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Key steps in developing a cognitive vaccine against traumatic flashbacks: visuospatial Tetris versus verbal Pub Quiz

Holmes, Emily A ; James, Ella L ; Kilford, Emma J ; Deeprose, Catherine Hashimoto, Kenji

PloS one, 2010-11, Vol.5 (11), p.e13706-e13706 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Public Library of Science

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Título:
Key steps in developing a cognitive vaccine against traumatic flashbacks: visuospatial Tetris versus verbal Pub Quiz
Autor: Holmes, Emily A ; James, Ella L ; Kilford, Emma J ; Deeprose, Catherine
Hashimoto, Kenji
Assuntos: Adolescent ; Adult ; Affect ; Cognitive ability ; Cognitive Science - methods ; Comparative analysis ; Computer & video games ; Computers ; Drug delivery systems ; EMILkeypub ; Experiments ; Female ; Humans ; Intervention ; Male ; Memory ; Mental disorders ; Mental Health/Neuropsychiatric Disorders ; Mental Health/Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses ; Mental Recall ; Middle Aged ; Motion Pictures ; Neuroscience/Behavioral Neuroscience ; Neuroscience/Cognitive Neuroscience ; Neuroscience/Psychology ; Post traumatic stress disorder ; Psychiatry ; Reduction ; Science ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - therapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Trauma ; Trends ; Vaccines ; Windows (intervals) ; Young Adult
É parte de: PloS one, 2010-11, Vol.5 (11), p.e13706-e13706
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Conceived and designed the experiments: EAH. Performed the experiments: EAH ELJ EJK CD. Analyzed the data: EAH ELJ EJK CD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: EAH. Wrote the paper: EAH ELJ EJK CD.
Descrição: Flashbacks (intrusive memories of a traumatic event) are the hallmark feature of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, however preventative interventions are lacking. Tetris may offer a 'cognitive vaccine' [1] against flashback development after trauma exposure. We previously reported that playing the computer game Tetris soon after viewing traumatic material reduced flashbacks compared to no-task [1]. However, two criticisms need to be addressed for clinical translation: (1) Would all games have this effect via distraction/enjoyment, or might some games even be harmful? (2) Would effects be found if administered several hours post-trauma? Accordingly, we tested Tetris versus an alternative computer game--Pub Quiz--which we hypothesized not to be helpful (Experiments 1 and 2), and extended the intervention interval to 4 hours (Experiment 2). The trauma film paradigm was used as an experimental analog for flashback development in healthy volunteers. In both experiments, participants viewed traumatic film footage of death and injury before completing one of the following: (1) no-task control condition (2) Tetris or (3) Pub Quiz. Flashbacks were monitored for 1 week. Experiment 1: 30 min after the traumatic film, playing Tetris led to a significant reduction in flashbacks compared to no-task control, whereas Pub Quiz led to a significant increase in flashbacks. Experiment 2: 4 hours post-film, playing Tetris led to a significant reduction in flashbacks compared to no-task control, whereas Pub Quiz did not. First, computer games can have differential effects post-trauma, as predicted by a cognitive science formulation of trauma memory. In both Experiments, playing Tetris post-trauma film reduced flashbacks. Pub Quiz did not have this effect, even increasing flashbacks in Experiment 1. Thus not all computer games are beneficial or merely distracting post-trauma - some may be harmful. Second, the beneficial effects of Tetris are retained at 4 hours post-trauma. Clinically, this delivers a feasible time-window to administer a post-trauma "cognitive vaccine".
Editor: United States: Public Library of Science
Idioma: Inglês

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Key steps in developing a cognitive vaccine against traumatic flashbacks: visuospatial Tetris versus verbal Pub Quiz

Holmes, Emily A ; James, Ella L ; Kilford, Emma J ; Deeprose, Catherine Hashimoto, Kenji

United States: Public Library of Science

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