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Reduced Gray Matter Volume in the Social Brain Network in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Sato, Wataru ; Kochiyama, Takanori ; Uono, Shota ; Yoshimura, Sayaka ; Kubota, Yasutaka ; Sawada, Reiko ; Sakihama, Morimitsu ; Toichi, Motomi

Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2017-08, Vol.11, p.395-395 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Switzerland: Frontiers Research Foundation

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Título:
Reduced Gray Matter Volume in the Social Brain Network in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autor: Sato, Wataru ; Kochiyama, Takanori ; Uono, Shota ; Yoshimura, Sayaka ; Kubota, Yasutaka ; Sawada, Reiko ; Sakihama, Morimitsu ; Toichi, Motomi
Assuntos: Adults ; Amygdala ; Autism ; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ; Brain research ; Cortex (frontal) ; dorsomedial prefrontal cortex ; Frontal gyrus ; fusiform gyrus ; Language ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Medical imaging ; middle temporal gyrus ; Morphometry ; Neurodevelopmental disorders ; Neuroimaging ; Neuroscience ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Prefrontal cortex ; Psychiatry ; Researchers ; Social aspects ; social brain network ; Social interactions ; Social organization ; Studies ; Substantia grisea ; Temporal cortex ; Temporal gyrus
É parte de: Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2017-08, Vol.11, p.395-395
Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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Reviewed by: Bin Jing, Capital Medical University, China; Jason Michael Bruggemann, University of New South Wales, Australia
These authors have contributed equally to this work.
Edited by: Mikhail Lebedev, Duke University, United States
Descrição: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by behavioral impairment in social interactions. Although theoretical and empirical evidence suggests that impairment in the social brain network could be the neural underpinnings of ASD, previous structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in adults with ASD have not provided clear support for this, possibly due to confounding factors, such as language impairments. To further explore this issue, we acquired structural MRI data and analyzed gray matter volume in adults with ASD ( = 36) who had no language impairments (diagnosed with Asperger's disorder or pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, with symptoms milder than those of Asperger's disorder), had no comorbidity, and were not taking medications, and in age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) controls ( = 36). Univariate voxel-based morphometry analyses revealed that regional gray matter volume was lower in the ASD than in the control group in several brain regions, including the right inferior occipital gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, bilateral amygdala, right inferior frontal gyrus, right orbitofrontal cortex, and left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. A multivariate approach using a partial least squares (PLS) method showed that these regions constituted a network that could be used to discriminate between the ASD and TD groups. A PLS discriminant analysis using information from these regions showed high accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision (>80%) in discriminating between the groups. These results suggest that reduced gray matter volume in the social brain network represents the neural underpinnings of behavioral social malfunctioning in adults with ASD.
Editor: Switzerland: Frontiers Research Foundation
Idioma: Inglês

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Reduced Gray Matter Volume in the Social Brain Network in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Sato, Wataru ; Kochiyama, Takanori ; Uono, Shota ; Yoshimura, Sayaka ; Kubota, Yasutaka ; Sawada, Reiko ; Sakihama, Morimitsu ; Toichi, Motomi

Switzerland: Frontiers Research Foundation

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