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Responses of Satellite Chlorophyll-a to the Extreme Sea Surface Temperatures over the Arabian and Omani Gulf

Hamdeno, Manal ; Nagy, Hazem ; Ibrahim, Omneya ; Mohamed, Bayoumy

Remote sensing (Basel, Switzerland), 2022-09, Vol.14 (18), p.4653 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Basel: MDPI AG

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Título:
Responses of Satellite Chlorophyll-a to the Extreme Sea Surface Temperatures over the Arabian and Omani Gulf
Autor: Hamdeno, Manal ; Nagy, Hazem ; Ibrahim, Omneya ; Mohamed, Bayoumy
Assuntos: Air temperature ; Arabian Gulf ; Chlorophyll ; Chlorophyll a ; Climate ; Coasts ; Dipoles ; Earth and Planetary Sciences (all) ; Earth sciences & physical geography ; Ecosystems ; El Nino ; El Nino southern oscillation ; ENSO ; Extreme compound event ; extreme compound events ; Extreme events ; General Earth and Planetary Sciences ; Gulf of Oman ; Heat ; Heat flux ; Heat low ; Heat waves ; Heatwaves ; Investigations ; La Nina ; Marine environment ; Marine heat wave ; marine heat waves ; Ocean currents ; Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences ; Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre ; Plankton ; Precipitation ; Productivity ; Satellite observation ; Satellites ; Sciences de la terre & géographie physique ; Sea surface temperature ; Southern Oscillation ; Trends ; Wave frequencies ; Weather forecasting ; Wind ; Wind stress
É parte de: Remote sensing (Basel, Switzerland), 2022-09, Vol.14 (18), p.4653
Notas: scopus-id:2-s2.0-85138755197
Descrição: Extreme events such as Marine Heat Waves (MHWs) and Low Chlorophyll-a (LChl-a) in the ocean have devastating impacts on the marine environment, particularly when they occur simultaneously (i.e., the compound of MHWs and LChl-a events). In this study, we investigate the spatiotemporal variability of MHWs and LChl-a events in the Arabian and Omani Gulf. For this purpose, we used satellite-based high-resolution observations of SST (0.05° × 0.05°; from 1982 to 2020) and chlorophyll-a concentration data (0.04° × 0.04°; from 1998 to 2020). Hourly air temperature, wind, and heat flux components from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA5) were used to explain the link between these extreme events and atmospheric forcings. Moreover, our results revealed that the annual frequency of MHW and LChl-a is related to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). The results revealed an average SST warming trend of about 0.44 ± 0.06 °C/decade and 0.32 ± 0.04 °C/decade for the Arabian Gulf (AG) and the Gulf of Oman (OG), respectively. This warming rate was accompanied by MHW frequency and duration trends of 0.97 events/decade and 2.3 days/decade, respectively, for the entire study region from 1982 to 2020. The highest annual MHW frequencies were recorded in 2010 (6 events) and 2020 (5 events) associated with LChl-a frequency values of 4 and 2, respectively. La Niña events in 1999, 2010, 2011, and 2020 were associated with higher frequencies of MHW and LChl-a. The positive phase of IOD coincides with high MHW frequency in 2018 and 2019. The longest compound MHW and LChl-a event with a duration of 42 days was recorded in 2020 at OG. This extreme compound event was associated with wind stress reduction. Our results provide initial insights into the spatiotemporal variability of the compound MHW and LChl-a events that occurred in the AG and OG.
Editor: Basel: MDPI AG
Idioma: Inglês

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Responses of Satellite Chlorophyll-a to the Extreme Sea Surface Temperatures over the Arabian and Omani Gulf

Hamdeno, Manal ; Nagy, Hazem ; Ibrahim, Omneya ; Mohamed, Bayoumy

Basel: MDPI AG

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