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Inside the "African cattle complex": animal burials in the holocene central Sahara

di Lernia, Savino ; Tafuri, Mary Anne ; Gallinaro, Marina ; Alhaique, Francesca ; Balasse, Marie ; Cavorsi, Lucia ; Fullagar, Paul D ; Mercuri, Anna Maria ; Monaco, Andrea ; Perego, Alessandro ; Zerboni, Andrea Petraglia, Michael D.

PloS one, 2013-02, Vol.8 (2), p.e56879-e56879 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Public Library of Science

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  • Título:
    Inside the "African cattle complex": animal burials in the holocene central Sahara
  • Autor: di Lernia, Savino ; Tafuri, Mary Anne ; Gallinaro, Marina ; Alhaique, Francesca ; Balasse, Marie ; Cavorsi, Lucia ; Fullagar, Paul D ; Mercuri, Anna Maria ; Monaco, Andrea ; Perego, Alessandro ; Zerboni, Andrea
  • Petraglia, Michael D.
  • Assuntos: Africa, Northern ; Agriculture ; Analysis ; Animals ; Archaeological dating ; Archaeology ; Beef cattle ; Biology ; Bovidae ; Burial ; Cattle ; Chemistry ; Culture ; Data processing ; Excavation ; Geographic Information Systems ; Holocene ; Humans ; Isotopes ; Memorials & monuments ; Pastoralism ; Pleistocene ; Preservation ; Radiocarbon dating ; Radiometric Dating ; Rites, ceremonies and celebrations ; Social and Behavioral Sciences ; Walking
  • É parte de: PloS one, 2013-02, Vol.8 (2), p.e56879-e56879
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
    content type line 23
    Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
    Directed the fieldwork: SDL. Coordinated and performed isotopic studies: MAT. Implemented GIS information and analysed rock art: MG. Studied the faunal remains and wrote the relevant parts of the paper: FA. Performed and interpreted Carbon and Oxygen analyses and wrote the relevant parts of the paper: MB. Performed pollen and botanical studies and wrote the relevant parts of the paper: AMM. Performed strontium analysis: PF. Provided geomorphological data: AP AZ. Excavated and studied archaeological materials: LC MG AM. Conceived and designed the experiments: SDL MAT. Performed the experiments: SDL MAT MG FA MB PF AMM AM. Analyzed the data: SDL MAT MG FA MB AMM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SDL MAT MG FA MB LC PF AMM AM AP AZ. Wrote the paper: SDL MAT MG.
  • Descrição: Cattle pastoralism is an important trait of African cultures. Ethnographic studies describe the central role played by domestic cattle within many societies, highlighting its social and ideological value well beyond its mere function as 'walking larder'. Historical depth of this African legacy has been repeatedly assessed in an archaeological perspective, mostly emphasizing a continental vision. Nevertheless, in-depth site-specific studies, with a few exceptions, are lacking. Despite the long tradition of a multi-disciplinary approach to the analysis of pastoral systems in Africa, rarely do early and middle Holocene archaeological contexts feature in the same area the combination of settlement, ceremonial and rock art features so as to be multi-dimensionally explored: the Messak plateau in the Libyan central Sahara represents an outstanding exception. Known for its rich Pleistocene occupation and abundant Holocene rock art, the region, through our research, has also shown to preserve the material evidence of a complex ritual dated to the Middle Pastoral (6080-5120 BP or 5200-3800 BC). This was centred on the frequent deposition in stone monuments of disarticulated animal remains, mostly cattle. Animal burials are known also from other African contexts, but regional extent of the phenomenon, state of preservation of monuments, and associated rock art make the Messak case unique. GIS analysis, excavation data, radiocarbon dating, zooarchaeological and isotopic (Sr, C, O) analyses of animal remains, and botanical information are used to explore this highly formalized ritual and the lifeways of a pastoral community in the Holocene Sahara.
  • Editor: United States: Public Library of Science
  • Idioma: Inglês
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