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Architecture of the Escherichia coli nucleoid
Verma, Subhash C ; Qian, Zhong ; Adhya, Sankar L
PLoS genetics, 2019-12, Vol.15 (12), p.e1008456-e1008456
[Periódico revisado por pares]
United States: Public Library of Science
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Título:
Architecture of the Escherichia coli nucleoid
Autor:
Verma, Subhash C
;
Qian, Zhong
;
Adhya, Sankar L
Assuntos:
Bacteria
;
Binding sites
;
Biology and life sciences
;
Cancer
;
Chromosomes
;
Deoxyribonucleic acid
;
DNA
;
DNA, Bacterial - chemistry
;
DNA, Superhelical - chemistry
;
DNA-Binding Proteins - chemistry
;
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
;
E coli
;
Escherichia coli
;
Escherichia coli - chemistry
;
Escherichia coli - growth & development
;
Escherichia coli Proteins - chemistry
;
Escherichia coli Proteins - metabolism
;
Gene expression
;
Genomes
;
Laboratories
;
Medical research
;
Models, Molecular
;
Molecular biology
;
Molecular Conformation
;
Physical Sciences
;
Proteins
;
Research and Analysis Methods
;
Ribonucleic acid
;
RNA
;
RNA, Bacterial - chemistry
;
Single Molecule Imaging
;
Structure-function relationships
;
Supercoiling
;
Topic Page
;
Transcription
É parte de:
PLoS genetics, 2019-12, Vol.15 (12), p.e1008456-e1008456
Notas:
ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Descrição:
How genomes are organized within cells and how the 3D architecture of a genome influences cellular functions are significant questions in biology. A bacterial genomic DNA resides inside cells in a highly condensed and functionally organized form called nucleoid (nucleus-like structure without a nuclear membrane). The Escherichia coli chromosome or nucleoid is composed of the genomic DNA, RNA, and protein. The nucleoid forms by condensation and functional arrangement of a single chromosomal DNA with the help of chromosomal architectural proteins and RNA molecules as well as DNA supercoiling. Although a high-resolution structure of a bacterial nucleoid is yet to come, five decades of research has established the following salient features of the E. coli nucleoid elaborated below: 1) The chromosomal DNA is on the average a negatively supercoiled molecule that is folded as plectonemic loops, which are confined into many independent topological domains due to supercoiling diffusion barriers; 2) The loops spatially organize into megabase size regions called macrodomains, which are defined by more frequent physical interactions among DNA sites within the same macrodomain than between different macrodomains; 3) The condensed and spatially organized DNA takes the form of a helical ellipsoid radially confined in the cell; and 4) The DNA in the chromosome appears to have a condition-dependent 3-D structure that is linked to gene expression so that the nucleoid architecture and gene transcription are tightly interdependent, influencing each other reciprocally. Current advents of high-resolution microscopy, single-molecule analysis and molecular structure determination of the components are expected to reveal the total structure and function of the bacterial nucleoid.
Editor:
United States: Public Library of Science
Idioma:
Inglês
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