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Effectiveness of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine in a Large Urban Population in the United States

Boom, Julie A ; Tate, Jacqueline E ; Sahni, Leila C ; Rench, Marcia A ; Hull, Jennifer J ; Gentsch, Jon R ; Patel, Manish M ; Baker, Carol J ; Parashar, Umesh D

Pediatrics (Evanston), 2010-02, Vol.125 (2), p.e199-e207 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Am Acad Pediatrics

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Título:
Effectiveness of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine in a Large Urban Population in the United States
Autor: Boom, Julie A ; Tate, Jacqueline E ; Sahni, Leila C ; Rench, Marcia A ; Hull, Jennifer J ; Gentsch, Jon R ; Patel, Manish M ; Baker, Carol J ; Parashar, Umesh D
Assuntos: Age Distribution ; Case-Control Studies ; Children & youth ; Clinical medicine ; Effectiveness studies ; Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Gastroenteritis - epidemiology ; Gastroenteritis - prevention & control ; Gastroenteritis - virology ; Gastrointestinal diseases ; Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Immunization ; Immunization Schedule ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; Rotavirus Infections - epidemiology ; Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control ; Rotavirus Vaccines - administration & dosage ; Texas - epidemiology ; Urban Population - statistics & numerical data ; Vaccines ; Vaccines, Attenuated - administration & dosage ; Viruses
É parte de: Pediatrics (Evanston), 2010-02, Vol.125 (2), p.e199-e207
Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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Descrição: The goal was to assess the effectiveness of complete (3-dose) or partial (1- or 2-dose) immunization with pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) against rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in US clinical practice. A case-control evaluation was conducted in February through June 2008 at an emergency department in Houston, Texas. Case patients with rotavirus AGE (N = 90) were identified through testing for rotavirus in fecal specimens obtained from 205 children 15 days through 23 months of age presenting with AGE. Control groups included rotavirus-negative AGE patients (N = 115), concurrently enrolled patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) (N = 228), and up to 10 age- and zip code-matched children sampled from the Houston-Harris County Immunization Registry (HHCIR) for each case patient >8 months of age. Immunization data were obtained from parent records, health care providers, and/or the HHCIR. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as 1 minus odds of RV5 vaccination for case patients versus control patients, after adjustment for age at presentation and birth date. The vaccine effectiveness of a complete RV5 series was 89% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70%-96%) and 85% (95% CI: 55%-95%) with rotavirus-negative AGE and ARI control patients, respectively. Immunization data were available for 44% of case patients (n = 40) from the HHCIR; the estimated 3-dose vaccine effectiveness with these HHCIR control patients was 82% (95% CI: 19%-96%). A complete RV5 series conferred 100% protection (95% CI: 71%-100%) against severe rotavirus disease requiring hospitalization and 96% protection (95% CI: 72%-99%) against disease requiring intravenous hydration. Vaccine effectiveness of 1 and 2 doses against hospitalization and emergency department visits was 69% (95% CI: 13%-89%) and 81% (95% CI: 13%-96%), respectively, using rotavirus-negative AGE and ARI control groups combined. In this setting, a complete series of RV5 was highly effective against severe rotavirus AGE. Partial immunization also conferred substantial protection.
Editor: United States: Am Acad Pediatrics
Idioma: Inglês

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Effectiveness of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine in a Large Urban Population in the United States

Boom, Julie A ; Tate, Jacqueline E ; Sahni, Leila C ; Rench, Marcia A ; Hull, Jennifer J ; Gentsch, Jon R ; Patel, Manish M ; Baker, Carol J ; Parashar, Umesh D

United States: Am Acad Pediatrics

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