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The Limits of Evolutionary Convergence in Sympatry: Reproductive Interference and Historical Constraints Leading to Local Diversity in Warning Traits

Maisonneuve, Ludovic ; Elias, Marianne ; Smadi, Charline ; Llaurens, Violaine

The American naturalist, 2023-05, Vol.201 (5), p.E110-E126 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: The University of Chicago Press

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  • Título:
    The Limits of Evolutionary Convergence in Sympatry: Reproductive Interference and Historical Constraints Leading to Local Diversity in Warning Traits
  • Autor: Maisonneuve, Ludovic ; Elias, Marianne ; Smadi, Charline ; Llaurens, Violaine
  • Assuntos: Biological Evolution ; Convergence ; Courtship ; Divergence ; Evolution ; Female ; Humans ; Interference ; Life Sciences ; Mate recognition ; Mathematical models ; Mimicry ; Phenotype ; Phylogeny ; Predators ; Reproduction ; Species ; Sympatric populations ; Sympatry ; Warning
  • É parte de: The American naturalist, 2023-05, Vol.201 (5), p.E110-E126
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-2
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  • Descrição: Mutualistic interactions between defended species represent a striking case of evolutionary convergence in sympatry, driven by the increased protection against predators brought by mimicry in warning traits. However, such convergence is often limited: sympatric defended species frequently display different or imperfectly similar warning traits. The phylogenetic distance between sympatric species may indeed prevent evolution toward the exact same signal. Moreover, warning traits are also involved in mate recognition, so trait convergence might result in heterospecific courtship and mating. Here, we develop a mathematical model to investigate the strength and direction of the evolution of warning traits in defended species with different ancestral traits. Specifically, we determine the effect of phenotypic distances between ancestral trait states of sympatric defended species and of the costs of heterospecific sexual interactions on imperfect mimicry and trait divergence. Our analytical results confirm that reproductive interference and historical constraints limit the convergence of warning traits, leading to either complete divergence or imperfect mimicry. Our model reveals that imperfect mimicry evolves only when ancestral trait values differ between species because of historical constraints and highlights the importance of female and predator discrimination in the evolution of such imperfect mimicry. Our study thus provides new predictions on how reproductive interference interacts with historical constraints and may promote the emergence of novel warning traits, enhancing mimetic diversity.
  • Editor: United States: The University of Chicago Press
  • Idioma: Inglês
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  • Realização: ABCD-USP USP   Logos de Redes Sociais: Freepik

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