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Photosynthesis: basics, history and modelling

Stirbet, Alexandrina ; Lazár, Dušan ; Guo, Ya ; Govindjee, Govindjee

Annals of botany, 2020-09, Vol.126 (4), p.511-537 [Periódico revisado por pares]

England: Oxford University Press

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  • Título:
    Photosynthesis: basics, history and modelling
  • Autor: Stirbet, Alexandrina ; Lazár, Dušan ; Guo, Ya ; Govindjee, Govindjee
  • Assuntos: Biomass ; Chlorophyll ; Chlorophyll A ; Electron Transport ; Humans ; Light ; Oxygen ; Photosynthesis ; Photosystem II Protein Complex ; Reviews ; Water
  • É parte de: Annals of botany, 2020-09, Vol.126 (4), p.511-537
  • Notas: ObjectType-Article-2
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-3
    content type line 23
    ObjectType-Review-1
    Since 2019 the legal name of Govindjee is ‘Govindjee Govindjee’.
  • Descrição: With limited agricultural land and increasing human population, it is essential to enhance overall photosynthesis and thus productivity. Oxygenic photosynthesis begins with light absorption, followed by excitation energy transfer to the reaction centres, primary photochemistry, electron and proton transport, NADPH and ATP synthesis, and then CO2 fixation (Calvin-Benson cycle, as well as Hatch-Slack cycle). Here we cover some of the discoveries related to this process, such as the existence of two light reactions and two photosystems connected by an electron transport 'chain' (the Z-scheme), chemiosmotic hypothesis for ATP synthesis, water oxidation clock for oxygen evolution, steps for carbon fixation, and finally the diverse mechanisms of regulatory processes, such as 'state transitions' and 'non-photochemical quenching' of the excited state of chlorophyll a. In this review, we emphasize that mathematical modelling is a highly valuable tool in understanding and making predictions regarding photosynthesis. Different mathematical models have been used to examine current theories on diverse photosynthetic processes; these have been validated through simulation(s) of available experimental data, such as chlorophyll a fluorescence induction, measured with fluorometers using continuous (or modulated) exciting light, and absorbance changes at 820 nm (ΔA820) related to redox changes in P700, the reaction centre of photosystem I. We highlight here the important role of modelling in deciphering and untangling complex photosynthesis processes taking place simultaneously, as well as in predicting possible ways to obtain higher biomass and productivity in plants, algae and cyanobacteria.
  • Editor: England: Oxford University Press
  • Idioma: Inglês
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