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Adipose tissue, systematic inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases

de A. Boleti, Ana ; de O. Cardoso, Pedro ; F. Frihling, Breno ; e Silva, Patrícia ; de Moraes, Luiz ; Migliolo, Ludovico

Neural regeneration research, 2023-01, Vol.18 (1), p.38-46 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

Mumbai: Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd

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  • Title:
    Adipose tissue, systematic inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases
  • Author: de A. Boleti, Ana ; de O. Cardoso, Pedro ; F. Frihling, Breno ; e Silva, Patrícia ; de Moraes, Luiz ; Migliolo, Ludovico
  • Subjects: Body fat ; Fatty acids ; Neurodegeneration ; Obesity ; Review
  • Is Part Of: Neural regeneration research, 2023-01, Vol.18 (1), p.38-46
  • Notes: ObjectType-Article-2
    SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
    ObjectType-Feature-3
    content type line 23
    ObjectType-Review-1
    Author contributions: Manuscript writing and data analysis: APdAB; data search and manuscript editing: LM; data collection: PHdOC, BEFF, PSeS, LFRNdM. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
  • Description: Obesity is associated with several diseases, including mental health. Adipose tissue is distributed around the internal organs, acting in the regulation of metabolism by storing and releasing fatty acids and adipokine in the tissues. Excessive nutritional intake results in hypertrophy and proliferation of adipocytes, leading to local hypoxia in adipose tissue and changes in these adipokine releases. This leads to the recruitment of immune cells to adipose tissue and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The presence of high levels of free fatty acids and inflammatory molecules interfere with intracellular insulin signaling, which can generate a neuroinflammatory process. In this review, we provide an up-to-date discussion of how excessive obesity can lead to possible cognitive dysfunction. We also address the idea that obesity-associated systemic inflammation leads to neuroinflammation in the brain, particularly the hypothalamus and hippocampus, and that this is partially responsible for these negative cognitive outcomes. In addition, we discuss some clinical models and animal studies for obesity and clarify the mechanism of action of anti-obesity drugs in the central nervous system.
  • Publisher: Mumbai: Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd
  • Language: English
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