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The Lower Karoo Supergroup geology of the southeastern part of the Gemsbok Sub-basin of the Kalahari Basin, Botswana

Keyt, R.M. ; Tidi, J. ; Cadman, A. ; Anscombe, J. ; McGeorge, I. ; Aitken, G.

South African journal of geology, 1998-09, Vol.101 (3), p.225-236 [Periódico revisado por pares]

Geological Society of South Africa

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  • Título:
    The Lower Karoo Supergroup geology of the southeastern part of the Gemsbok Sub-basin of the Kalahari Basin, Botswana
  • Autor: Keyt, R.M. ; Tidi, J. ; Cadman, A. ; Anscombe, J. ; McGeorge, I. ; Aitken, G.
  • É parte de: South African journal of geology, 1998-09, Vol.101 (3), p.225-236
  • Descrição: Boreholes drilled in the Tshabong area of southern Botswana have delineated two southwest-trending valleys infilled with Lower Karoo Supergroup strata. The valleys occur beneath a cover of Kalahari beds and are separated by positive topography related to pre-Karoo quartzites. The base of the Karoo strata comprises a thick glacial sequence (Dwyka Group) in which two lithostratigraphic formations can be recognized. These formations are tillites of a basal Malogong Formation overlain by the heterolithic Khuis Formation, with lithofacies indicative of a number of glacial environments, including glacial re-advances. Preserved palynomorphs in these rocks indicate a marine setting. The overlying Ecca Group strata are also divisible into two formations, again of regional extent. A thin sandstone sequence at the base of the lower Kobe Formation is interpreted as evidence for a basal Ecca marine transgression. Overlying rocks contain freshwater palynomorphs. The upper Otshe Formation is made up of deltaic sediments. Locally, the Ecca Group is overlain by a thin sequence of Beaufort Group argillites. Palynology indicates that the Dwyka Glaciation in the southeastern part of the Gemsbok Sub-basin lasted from about 303 Ma to about 280 Ma, that is from the Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian. The overlying Ecca Group ranges in age from the Early to Late Permian. The palynology has confirmed the presence of Beaufort Group strata in southern Botswana. Boorgate wat in die Tshabong gebied van suidelike Botswana geboor is het twee suidwesstrekkende valleie wat gevul is met strata van die onderste deel van die Karoo Supergroep afgebaken. Die valleie kom onder 'n deklaag van Kalaharilae voor en word verdeel deur positiewe topografie wat veroorsaak word deur kwartsiete van voor-Karoo-ouderdom. Die basis van die Karoostrata bestaan uit 'n dik glasiale opeenvolging (Dwyka Groep), waarin twee litostratigrafiese formasies herken kan word. Hierdie formasies is tilliete van 'n bas ale Malogong Formasie wat oorle word deur die heterolitiese Khuis Formasie, met litofasies wat aanduidend is van 'n aantal glasiale omgewings, insluitend hernude glasiale voortbewegings. Bewaarde palinomorfe in hierdie gesteentes dui op 'n mariene omgewing. Die oorliggende strata van die Ecca Groep is ook verdeelbaar in twee formasies, weereens van regionale omvang. 'n Dun opeenvolging van sandsteen aan die basis van die onderste deel van die Kobe Formasie word ge-interpreteer as bewys van 'n basale mariene transgressie van Ecca-ouderdom. Oorliggende gesteentes bevat varswaterpalinomorfe. Die boonste dee I van die Otshe Formasie bestaan uit deltaiese sedimente. Plaaslik word die Ecca Groep oorle deur 'n dun opeenvolging van argilliete van die Beaufort Groep. Die palinologie dui daarop dat die Dwykavergletsering in die suidoostelike deel van die Gemsbok Subkom vanaf omtrent 303 Ma tot omtrent 280 Ma geduur het, dit is vanaf die Laat Karboon tot die Vroee Perm. Die oorliggende Ecca Groep strek in ouderdom vanaf die Vroee tot Laat Perm. Die palinologie het die teenwoordigheid van strata van die Beaufort Groep in suidelike Botswana bevestig.
  • Editor: Geological Society of South Africa
  • Idioma: Africâner;Inglês

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