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HIV transmitted drug resistance in adult and pediatric populations in Panama

Castillo, Juan ; Arteaga, Griselda ; Mendoza, Yaxelis ; Martínez, Alexander A ; Samaniego, Rigoberto ; Estripeaut, Dora ; Page, Kathleen R ; Smith, Rebecca E ; Sosa, Nestor ; Pascale, Juan M

Revista panamericana de salud pública, 2011-12, Vol.30 (6), p.649-656 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: Organización Panamericana de la Salud

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HIV transmitted drug resistance in adult and pediatric populations in Panama
Autor: Castillo, Juan ; Arteaga, Griselda ; Mendoza, Yaxelis ; Martínez, Alexander A ; Samaniego, Rigoberto ; Estripeaut, Dora ; Page, Kathleen R ; Smith, Rebecca E ; Sosa, Nestor ; Pascale, Juan M
Assuntos: Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents - pharmacology ; Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Viral - genetics ; Drug use ; Female ; Genes, pol ; Genotype ; Health Policy & Services ; HIV ; HIV Infections - drug therapy ; HIV Infections - epidemiology ; HIV Infections - transmission ; HIV Infections - virology ; HIV Protease - genetics ; HIV Protease Inhibitors - pharmacology ; HIV Protease Inhibitors - therapeutic use ; HIV Reverse Transcriptase - genetics ; HIV-1 - classification ; HIV-1 - drug effects ; HIV-1 - genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Male ; Medical research ; Medical treatment ; Panama ; Panama - epidemiology ; Pediatrics ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - virology ; Prevalence ; Public health ; Resistance ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - pharmacology ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - therapeutic use ; Sexually transmitted diseases ; Surveys ; Young Adult
É parte de: Revista panamericana de salud pública, 2011-12, Vol.30 (6), p.649-656
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SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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Descrição: To investigate the prevalence of transmitted drug-resistant HIV among adults in Panama by using a modified World Health Organization Threshold Survey (WHO-TS) and to investigate rates of initial resistance among HIV-positive infants in Panama. At the Gorgas Memorial Institute, 47 HIV-positive adults were genotyped for mutations associated with transmitted drug resistance (TDR) in the reverse transcriptase and protease genes of HIV-1, according to WHO-TS guidelines, modified to include patients ≤ 26 years old. Prevalence rates for drug-resistance mutations against three classes of antiretroviral drugs-nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), and protease inhibitors-were calculated as low (< 5.0%), moderate (5.0%-15.0%), and high (> 15.0%). Twenty-five infant patients were also geno-typed and prevalence rates for drug-resistance mutations were calculated. TDR among Panamanian adults was moderate: 6 of 47 HIV-positive adults showed one or more mutations associated with TDR. Horizontal TDR mutations were moderate for NRTIs and NNRTIs and low for protease inhibitors. Vertical transmission of HIV in Panama has decreased for 2002-2007, but vertical HIV TDR prevalence is moderate (12.0%) and is emerging as a problem due to incomplete antiretroviral coverage in pregnancy. The prevalence of HIV TDR indicated by this study, combined with known rates of HIV infection in Panama, suggests more extensive surveys are needed to identify risk factors associated with transmission of HIV drug resistance. Specific WHO-TS guidelines for monitoring vertical transmission of drug-resistant HIV should be established.
Editor: United States: Organización Panamericana de la Salud
Idioma: Inglês;Português

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HIV transmitted drug resistance in adult and pediatric populations in Panama

Castillo, Juan ; Arteaga, Griselda ; Mendoza, Yaxelis ; Martínez, Alexander A ; Samaniego, Rigoberto ; Estripeaut, Dora ; Page, Kathleen R ; Smith, Rebecca E ; Sosa, Nestor ; Pascale, Juan M

United States: Organización Panamericana de la Salud

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