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Amazonia is the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity

Antonelli, Alexandre ; Zizka, Alexander ; Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes ; Scharn, Ruud ; Bacon, Christine D. ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Condamine, Fabien L.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2018-06, Vol.115 (23), p.6034-6039 [Periódico revisado por pares]

United States: National Academy of Sciences

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Título:
Amazonia is the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity
Autor: Antonelli, Alexandre ; Zizka, Alexander ; Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes ; Scharn, Ruud ; Bacon, Christine D. ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Condamine, Fabien L.
Assuntos: andean uplift ; Angiosperms ; Animals ; Anura ; biases ; Biodiversity ; Biodiversity and Ecology ; Biogeography ; Biological Evolution ; Biological Sciences ; Biologiska vetenskaper ; biome ; biome shift ; Biota ; Birds ; Climate change ; Climate Research ; Dispersal ; Dispersion ; diversification ; diversity ; Ecosystem ; Ecosystems ; Environmental changes ; Environmental Sciences ; Evolution ; Evolutionary Biology ; Evolutionsbiologi ; Ferns ; Frogs ; Geology ; Klimatforskning ; Magnoliopsida ; Mammals ; Migration ; Neotropics ; niche ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Phylogeography ; Plants ; rain-forest ; Rainforest ; Science & Technology - Other Topics ; South America ; Species ; trees ; Tropical Climate ; Tropical environments
É parte de: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2018-06, Vol.115 (23), p.6034-6039
Notas: ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
Edited by Scott V. Edwards, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, and approved April 13, 2018 (received for review August 4, 2017)
Author contributions: A.A., A.Z., F.A.C., R.S., C.D.B., D.S., and F.L.C. designed research; A.A., A.Z., F.A.C., R.S., D.S., and F.L.C. performed research; A.Z., R.S., and D.S. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; A.A., A.Z., F.A.C., R.S., D.S., and F.L.C. analyzed data; and A.A., A.Z., and C.D.B. wrote the paper.
1A.A., A.Z., and F.A.C. contributed equally to this work.
Descrição: The American tropics (the Neotropics) are the most species-rich realm on Earth, and for centuries, scientists have attempted to understand the origins and evolution of their biodiversity. It is now clear that different regions and taxonomic groups have responded differently to geological and climatic changes. However, we still lack a basic understanding of how Neotropical biodiversity was assembled over evolutionary timescales. Here we infer the timing and origin of the living biota in all major Neotropical regions by performing a cross-taxonomic biogeographic analysis based on 4,450 species from six major clades across the tree of life (angiosperms, birds, ferns, frogs, mammals, and squamates), and integrate >1.3 million species occurrences with large-scale phylogenies. We report an unprecedented level of biotic interchange among all Neotropical regions, totaling 4,525 dispersal events. About half of these events involved transitions between major environmental types, with a predominant directionality from forested to open biomes. For all taxonomic groups surveyed here, Amazonia is the primary source of Neotropical diversity, providing >2,800 lineages to other regions. Most of these dispersal events were to Mesoamerica (∼1,500 lineages), followed by dispersals into open regions of northern South America and the Cerrado and Chaco biomes. Biotic interchange has taken place for >60 million years and generally increased toward the present. The total amount of time lineages spend in a region appears to be the strongest predictor of migration events. These results demonstrate the complex origin of tropical ecosystems and the key role of biotic interchange for the assembly of regional biotas.
Editor: United States: National Academy of Sciences
Idioma: Inglês

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Amazonia is the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity

Antonelli, Alexandre ; Zizka, Alexander ; Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes ; Scharn, Ruud ; Bacon, Christine D. ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Condamine, Fabien L.

United States: National Academy of Sciences

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