Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) as Novel Potential Biomarker of Early Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome

• Autor: Barrea, Luigi ; Annunziata, Giuseppe ; Muscogiuri, Giovanna ; Di Somma, Carolina ; Laudisio, Daniela ; Maisto, Maria ; de Alteriis, Giulia ; Tenore, Gian Carlo ; Colao, Annamaria ; Savastano, Silvia
• Assuntos: Adipose tissue ; Atherosclerosis ; Biomarkers ; Body mass ; Body mass index ; Body size ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cholesterol ; Coronary vessels ; Diabetes ; Diet ; Fatty liver ; fatty liver index (FLI) ; Gender ; High-performance liquid chromatography ; Insulin ; Insulin resistance ; Liquid chromatography ; Liver ; Liver diseases ; Metabolic disorders ; Metabolic syndrome ; metabolic syndrome (MetS) ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Microbiota ; Mortality ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Pathogenesis ; Smoking ; Trimethylamine ; trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) ; Trimethylamine-N-oxide ; Vegetarianism ; Vein & artery diseases ; visceral adiposity index (VAI)
• É parte de: Nutrients, 2018-12, Vol.10 (12), p.1971
• Notas: These Authors contributed equally to this work.
  
• Descrição: There is a mechanistic link between the gut-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and obesity-related diseases, suggesting that the TMAO pathway may also be linked to the pathogenesis of obesity. The Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), a gender-specific indicator of adipose dysfunction, and the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), a predictor of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are early predictors of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this cross-sectional observational study, we investigated TMAO levels in adults stratified according to Body Mass Index (BMI) and the association of TMAO with VAI and FLI. One hundred and thirty-seven adult subjects (59 males; 21⁻56 years) were enrolled. TMAO levels were detected using HPLC/MS analysis. Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HoMA-IR), VAI and FLI were included as cardio-metabolic indices. TMAO levels increased along with BMI and were positively associated with VAI and FLI, independently, on common potential covariates. The most sensitive and specific cut-offs for circulating levels of TMAO to predict the presence of NAFLD-FLI and MetS were ≥8.02 µM and ≥8.74 µM, respectively. These findings allow us to hypothesize a role of TMAO as an early biomarker of adipose dysfunction and NAFLD-FLI in all borderline conditions in which overt MetS is not present, and suggest that a specific cut-off of TMAO might help in identifying subjects at high risk of NAFLD.
  
• Editor: Switzerland: MDPI AG
  
• Idioma: Inglês